新技术在糖尿病视网膜病变筛查中应用的研究进展

Application of new technologies in screening diabetic retinopathy

由于全球2型糖尿病患病率逐年上升,糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)导致的失明和视力受损患病率也随之升高。DR筛查计划对临床前期及已确诊患者的诊疗至关重要,其中,筛查周期、成本效益、地区资源配置等均为筛查计划需要考虑的因素。超广角眼底照相设备、手持移动照相装置、基于人工智能的远程眼科诊疗系统等新技术使筛查策略与成本效益得到优化,本文将对其应用展开综述。此外,新的证据表明,视网膜检查能够早期识别有心血管疾病或认知障碍性疾病的个体,而DR筛查的价值将不局限于预防视力损害。

As the prevalence of type 2 diabetes is increasing worldwide from year to year,the prevalence of blindness and vision loss caused by diabetic retinopathy(DR)has increased as well.DR screening is significant for the diagnosis and treatment of preclinical and confirmed patients,and it should consider the screening interval,cost effectiveness,and regional resource allocation.New tools like ultra-wide-angle fundus cameras,portable mobile cameras,and artificial-intelligence-based teleophthalmology systems are improving the screening pattern and cost benefit.This article reviews the application of these tools.Furthermore,new evidence has demonstrated that retinal images can be used to identify patients with cardiovascular diseases or cognitive impairment in the early stage,and in this way,the value of DR screening will not be limited to preventing vision-threatening diseases.