妊娠期糖尿病患者的饮食及运动知识科普

Science Popularization of Diet and Exercise Knowledge of Pregnant Women with Diabetes

糖尿病是一种孕期常见的内分泌系统疾病,其发生与糖代谢的异常有关。该疾病为胰岛素绝对不足引起的葡萄糖摄取减少而导致患者血糖水平增高。糖尿病在临床上具有较高的发病率,在我国,妊娠期糖尿病的发病率高达5%,其发病率受到人们生育观念和饮食习惯等因素的影响而逐年攀升,已成为对孕产妇和胎儿健康构成威胁的主要疾病之一。在孕期患有糖尿病的情况下,若血糖控制不到位,可能会导致流产、早产、胎儿生长发育受限、感染以及新生儿畸形等,还会增加孕妇产后出血的风险,严重威胁孕产妇身心健康和生命安全。对于妊娠期糖尿病患者,孕期血糖控制措施可以显著提高患者妊娠的安全性,使得母婴的安全得以保障,但一些患者因为对药物治疗有明显抵触情绪,因此,需要采取综合治疗方式控制妊娠期糖尿病患者血糖值,并通过合理营养干预改善其身体机能。

Diabetes is a common endocrine system disease during pregnancy,its occurrence is related to abnormal glucose metabolism.This disease is caused by an absolute lack of insulin,which leads to a decrease in glucose uptake and an increase in blood sugar levels in patients.Diabetes has a high incidence rate in clinic.In China,the incidence rate of diabetes during pregnancy is as high as 5%.Its incidence is increasing year by year with the infl uence of factors such as people’s fertility concept and eating habits,and has become one of the main diseases threatening the health of pregnant women and fetuses.In the case of diabetes during pregnancy,if the blood glucose control is not in place,it may lead to abortion,premature delivery,fetal growth restriction,infection,and neonatal malformation,and increase the risk of postpartum hemorrhage of pregnant women,which seriously threatens the physical and mental health and life safety of pregnant women.For patients with gestational diabetes,blood glucose control measures during pregnancy can significantly improve the safety of pregnancy and ensure the safety of mothers and infants.However,some patients have obvious resistance to drug treatment,so comprehensive treatment is needed to control the blood glucose value of patients with gestational diabetes and improve their physical functions through reasonable nutrition.