豫西黑猪种质资源多样性研究

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Germplasm Resources for Yuxi Black Pig

豫西黑猪是国家畜禽遗传资源委员会新审定的河南省优良地方猪种质资源,具有肉质好、抗逆性强等优点。为进一步了解豫西黑猪遗传资源多样性及其与本地品种和外来品种间的遗传距离,本研究通过对108头豫西黑猪mtDNA D-loop区序列进行PCR扩增及序列测定,并结合外来品种杜洛克猪、长白猪、大白猪以及河南地区的确山黑猪、南阳黑猪、淮南猪进行生物信息学分析。结果显示,豫西黑猪单倍型多样度0.854、核苷酸多样度0.00373、平均核苷酸差异数2.515,表现出了较丰富的遗传多样性。在108头豫西黑猪个体中,共存在25种单倍型,其中14头公猪共有6种单倍型。遗传距离分析显示,豫西黑猪单独聚为一支,与南阳黑猪、确山黑猪等河南省地方品种猪以及杜长大等外来猪种亲缘关系均较远。本研究结果表明:豫西黑猪整体与河南省地方猪、西方商业猪种关系均较远。研究结果为豫西黑猪的保种、开发和利用提供重要理论依据。

Yuxi Black pig is an excellent local pig germplasm resource of Henan province,which is newly approved by National Commission of Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resources.It has the advantages of good meat quality and strong resistance.In order to further understand the genetic diversity and genetic distance between Yuxi Black pig and other breeds,PCR amplification and sequence determination of mtDNA D-loop region sequences of 108 Yuxi Black pigs were carried out in this study,and bioinformatics analysis was performed in combination with the exotic Duroc,Landrace and Large White pigs,as well as the Queshan Black,Nanyang Black and Huainan pigs from Henan province.The results showed that haplotype diversity of Yuxi Black pig is 0.854,nucleotide diversity is 0.00373,and average nucleotide difference number is 2.515,showing rich genetic diversity.There are 25 haplotypes in 108 Yuxi Black pigs.And there are 6 haplotypes in 14 boars of Yuxi Black pigs.The analysis of genetic distance showed that the Yuxi Black pigs are clustered into a single branch and are far related to Nanyang Black,Queshan Black pigs and Duroc,Landrace and Large white pigs.The results of this study show that the relationship of Yuxi Black pigs is far from that of local pigs in Henan province and commercial pigs in the west.And the results provide an important theoretical basis for the conservation,development and utilization of Yuxi Black pig.