摘要
该研究旨在探讨复合菌剂在加快青藏地区羊粪堆肥进程和改善堆肥发酵品质方面的作用效果。试验选择具有淀粉、蛋白质及木质纤维素等降解能力和耐高温能力的菌株,组合形成2种复合菌剂(T1,由枯草芽孢杆菌、地衣芽孢杆菌、假单胞菌、粪产碱菌、酿酒酵母、里氏木霉及黑曲霉等比例组成;T2,由枯草芽孢杆菌、地衣芽孢杆菌、假单胞菌、植物乳杆菌、黄孢原毛平革菌及米曲霉等比例组成),同时选取市售菌剂T3,将3种复合菌剂接种于羊粪中,以不添加菌剂(CK)为对照,在青海进行了为期28 d的堆肥试验。通过测定堆肥过程中温度、有机质、碳氮比和种子发芽指数等指标,研究不同复合菌剂对青藏高原羊粪堆肥腐熟的影响。结果表明,与对照组相比,T1、T2和T3处理可分别使堆体最高温度提升7.6、2.5和2.8℃,均可使堆肥高温期(>50℃)延长5 d,堆肥有机质降解率分别提高8.1%、4.5%和3.9%;T1、T2和T3可分别降低堆肥碳氮比为12.1%、6.82%和6.06%,并最终提升堆肥产品的种子发芽指数分别达25.6%、20.1%和12%;添加复合菌剂可缩短堆肥时间,其中T1可提前大约2周达到CK的最终堆肥状态。综上所述,添加复合菌剂可有效促进青藏高原羊粪堆肥腐熟,并缩短堆肥时间,且T1的效果最佳。
The purpose of this work was to explore the effect of compound microorganisms on accelerating the process of sheep manure composting and improving the fermentation quality of composting in Qinghai-Tibet area.By matching strains with starch,protein,lignocellulose degradation ability and high temperature resistance,the study combined two kinds of compound microorganisms(T1 was composed of Bacillus subtilis,Bacillus licheniformis,Pseudomonas,Alcaligenes faecalis,Saccharomyces cerevisiae,Trichoderma reesei and Aspergillus Niger;T2 was composed of Bacillus subtilis,Bacillus licheniformis,Pseudomonas,Lactobacillus plantarum,Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Aspergillus oryzae.).At the same time,a commercially available compound microorganisms T3 was selected,with no addition of compound microorganisms(CK)as a control,and 3 types of compound microorganisms were inoculated into sheep manure,and a 28-day composting experiment was carried out in Qinghai Province.In the experiment,the temperature,organic matter,C/N ratio,seed germination index and other indicators during composting were measured to compare the effects of different compound microorganisms on sheep manure compost maturity on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.The results indicated that compared with the control group,T1,T2 and T3 could increase the maximum temperature of the composting pile by 7.6,2.5 and 2.8℃,respectively,and could prolong the high temperature period(>50℃)of composting by 5 days,and increased the degradation rates of organic matter by 8.1,4.5 and 3.9%,respectively.T1,T2 and T3 could reduce the compost C/N ratio by 12.1,6.82 and 6.06%,and finally increased the seed germination index of the compost product by 25.6,20.1 and 12%,respectively.Adding compound microorganisms could shorten the composting time,and T1 could reach the final composting state of CK about 2 weeks in advance.In summary,the addition of compound microorganisms could effectively promote the maturity of sheep manure compost on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,and shorten the composting time,and the effect of T1 is the most favorable.
作者
蔡瑞
张帅
郑猛虎
崔欣雨
王妍
徐春城
CAI Rui;ZHANG Shuai;ZHENG Menghu;CUI Xinyu;WANG Yan;XU Chuncheng(College of Engineering,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China)
出处
《家畜生态学报》
北大核心
2023年第6期71-78,共8页
Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology
基金
青海省重大科技专项(2018-NK-A2)。
关键词
青藏高原
羊粪堆肥
复合菌剂
腐熟
Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
sheep manure composting
compound microorganisms
maturity