中国古典诗歌诗性观

The“Poetic Attributes”of Classical Chinese Poetry

作为中国古代最主要、最正统的文学体裁,“诗”衍生出包括汉“赋”、宋“词”、元“曲”等在内的多种变体,古圣先贤、前辈学人对它们的艺术特征及精神品格做了详细的评价与阐释,从中可以提炼出各自的诗性特质,如“诗”之言志与缘情的相辅相成,“赋”之铺采摛文、体物写志,“词”之音内言外、要眇宜修以及弱德之美,“曲”之出乎自然、有意境而已矣,等等。经过两千多年的传承与演绎,古典诗学形成强大的抒情传统,不仅对新诗创作起着潜移默化的影响,也启迪我们预设新诗的诗性品格,进而以综合创新的策略充分开掘、发挥现代汉语的诗性潜能。

As the main and most orthodox literary genre in ancient China,Poetry has impelled toward many variants,including Han Fu,Song Ci and Yuan Qu.The finest men of past centuries and senior scholars have made detailed evaluations and interpretations of their art attributes and spiritual characters,from which the poetic attributes of each can be extracted,such as,“yanzhi(speech)”and“yuanqing(emotion)”supplementing each other in Poetry,“pucaichiwen(writing sparkles)”and“tiwuxiezhi(expressing aspirations via scenes)”in Han Fu,“yinneiyanwai(meaning between the lines)”,“yaomiaoyixiu(elegant decorations)”,“ruodezhimei(the beauty of passive virtue)”in Song Ci,“writing naturally”and“forming the artistic conceptions”in Yuan Qu and so on.After more than two thousand years of inheritance and interpretation,classical poetics has formed a powerful lyrical tradition,which not only exerts a subtle influence on the creation of Modern Chinese Poetry,but also inspires us to pre-determine the poetic attributes of Modern Chinese Poetry,thus fully exploring and giving full play to the poetic potential of Modern Chinese Poetry with a comprehensive and innovative strategy.