顺北地区碳酸盐岩断控缝洞体油气产能定量化估算技术

Quantitative prediction technology for the hydrocarbon production capacity of fractures and vugs in fault-controlled carbonate reservoirs in the Shunbei area

走滑断裂带及其控制的缝洞体是顺北地区奥陶系新的勘探领域,探索断控缝洞体储层单井产量多属性量化预测技术,为顺北地区断裂带井位部署与井轨迹优选提供科学依据和技术支撑。断控缝洞体储层中,断裂是油气运移通道,其纵向延伸和宽度是断裂的通源性,主干断裂与次级断裂平面交汇结构表征断裂的汇聚性,通源性和汇聚性表征成藏断裂特征。断控缝洞体中缝洞是储集空间的主体,断控缝洞体储层规模和断裂裂缝分布密度表征缝洞特征。断控缝洞体储层的单井产量既与断裂特征有关,更与缝洞特征有关。因此,量化的断裂特征和缝洞特征是单井产量量化预测的基础。地震数据及其多种属性的断层精细解释,量化后得到断裂特征值。结构张量属性圈定断控缝洞体储层范围,异常体振幅属性表征缝洞的分布及其体量,最大似然概率属性表征断裂裂缝分布密度,3种属性融合得到缝洞特征值。最后将量化的断裂特征值和缝洞特征值融合为断控缝洞体特征值,与实测钻井的年产液量进行统计分析,得到年产液量与断控缝洞体特征值的统计关系式,实现断控缝洞体储层单井产量的量化预测。

The strike-slip fault system and the fractures and vugs in fault-controlled reservoirs have become new Ordovician exploration targets in the Shunbei area.This study explored a multi-attribute quantitative prediction technique for the single-well production of fault-controlled reservoirs,aiming to provide a scientific basis and technical support for well deployment and well trajectory optimization in the fault zones of the Shunbei area.Faults serve as pathways for hydrocarbon migration in fault-controlled reservoirs.Their connectivity to provenance areas can be characterized by their longitudinal extension and the width of the fault zone,and their convergence can be characterized by their lateral extension and the planar intersection structure between major and secondary faults.Both characteristics of faults were used to indicate the fault characteristics in the oil source conditions for oil accumulation.The space for hydrocarbon accumulation in fault-controlled reservoirs is dominated by dissolution fractures and vugs,such as caves.The fracture-vug characteristics,which represent the space for hydrocarbon accumulation and its connectivity,were characterized by the scale of fault-controlled reservoirs,the volume of the fractures and vugs,and the density of fractures in faults.The single-well production of fault-controlled reservoirs is related to both the fault characteristics and the fracture-vug characteristics.Therefore,the quantification of fault characteristics and the fracture-vug characteristics is the basis for the quantitative prediction of single-well production.The fault characteristic values were determined through the fine-scale interpretation of faults based on seismic data and their multiple attributes.Moreover,the range of fault-controlled reservoirs was delineated based on structure tensors;the distribution and volume of caves,fractures,and vugs were characterized using the amplitude of anomalous bodies;and the density of fractures in faults can be characterized using the maximum likelihood probability.Then,the three attributes were fused to determine the fracture-vug characteristic values.Finally,the quantified fault characteristic values and fractured-vug characteristic values were fused into the characteristic value of fault-controlled reservoirs.Through the statistical analysis of the characteristic value and annual liquid production of drilled wells,the statistical relationship between the annual fluid production and the characteristic value of fault-controlled reservoirs was determined,thus achieving the quantitative prediction of the single-well production of fault-controlled reservoirs.