华中日军宪兵与南京大屠杀

The Japanese Gendarmes in Central China and the Nanjing Massacre

南京大屠杀期间诸多惨案的发生,与华中日军宪兵存在密切关联。全面抗战初期,日军宪兵在淞沪及其周边战场上未能履行其职责,伊始便出现失职问题。南京沦陷后,随军宪兵不仅未能成为维护军风军纪的表率,且与普通官兵同流合污,扮演了战争暴行制造者的角色。随着华中派遣宪兵队的编成,华中日军宪兵形成较为严密的组织体系,被授予更为广泛的权限,其业务逐步集中于特务工作,军事警察职能反而淡化。南京大屠杀之后,华中日军宪兵未能从根本上解决日军军风颓废与军纪败坏问题。另一方面,华中日军宪兵在从事特务工作中获得不受监督、独断专擅的执行权与处置权,成为日本军国主义对华中沦陷区实施恐怖统治的“爪牙”。

The occurrence of atrocities during the Nanjing Massacre was closely related to the Japanese gendarmes in Central China.In the early stage of the total war of resistance against Japan,the Japanese gendarmes had failed to perform their duties in Shanghai and its surrounding battlefields.After the fall of Nanjing,the gendarmes in the army not only failed to maintainmilitary discipline,but also played a role of committing the war atrocities.With the recruitment of the corps of gendarme in Central China,the Japanese gendarmes in the Central China formed a relatively tight organizational system with more extensive authorities.Its work gradually focused on the secret service while the function of military police has been weakened.After the Nanjing Massacre,the authority established by the Japanese gendarmes in Central China based on the fear didn't fundamentally solve the problem of the decadence of the Japanese military ethos and the deterioration of military discipline.Meanwhile,they obtained the unsupervised and dictatorial enforcement power and the right of disposal,and became a part carrying out a reign of terror in the occupied areas of Central China.