自保、爱国、屈从:一个伪满“合作者”的心态探微

Self-protection,Patriotism and Submission:A Probe into the Mentality of a“Collaborator”in the Puppet Manchuria Regime

1931年九一八事变后,中国东北三省沦陷,随后在日本操纵下,伪满洲国成立,并建立了伪军。伪军下级军官施明儒记有1937—1945年间的个人日记《辙印深深:一个伪满军官的日记》。该日记呈现出在伪满洲国明为伪军,暗有抗日行动,但无力改变大局的背景下,其心态从忧患和焦虑到接受和顺从,其中又夹杂着愤怒、屈辱与悔恨的变化过程,这在东北沦陷区民众中具有一定的代表性。作者运用历史心理学的方法,在充分考虑日军强权之下伪满“合作者”生存状态的基础上,试图诠释战争压力对人性的扭曲,强调人性的脆弱与复杂,力争突破以往从民族国家立场出发诠释沦陷区历史的单一认知模式。

After the September 18th Incident in 1931,the three provinces in Northeast China were occupied,and then under the manipulation of Japan,the puppet Manchukuo was founded and the puppet army was established.Shi Mingru,a junior officer of the puppet army,kept diary from 1937 to 1945,the diary shows that his mentality changed from worry and anxiety to acceptance and obedience,mixed with anger,humiliation and regret,which to some extent was representative among the people in the occupied areas of Northeast China.With the methods of historical psychology and fully considering the living status of“collaborators”,this author attempts to interpret the distortion of humanity caused by the pressure of war,emphasizing the fragility and complexity of human nature,in the hope of breaking through the previous single cognitive model of interpreting the history of occupied areas from the perspective of the nation state.