没有故事的戏剧如何制造戏剧性——沉浸式环境戏剧《消失与重现》的启示

How does a Drama without a Story Create Dramatic quality?——Implications from the Immersive Environmental Drama Disappearing and Reproducing

沉浸式环境戏剧《消失与重现》,改编自冯雪松记录中国战地记者先驱——方大曾之事迹的系列非虚构文学。由于方大曾生命历程短暂,有关他的史料记载少之又少,故而导致冯雪松文学的“方大曾故事”缺乏,同时也连带导致《消失与重现》的故事性缺乏。一种观点认为,没有故事的戏剧便没有戏剧性。可中国戏剧史上却不乏《茶馆》这种故事性弱化但戏剧性显著的经典。《消失与重现》同样未因故事性缺乏而减弱对戏剧性的追求,其通过使用高贵的人类精神品质不断冲涤观演者的灵魂、艺术化设置冲突性的“两难情境”、利用环境元素引导观众向剧情沉浸、设置传统和先锋的对冲性撞击等手段,完成了独特的戏剧性制造。

The immersive environmental drama Disappearing and Reproducing is adapted from Feng Xuesong’s nonfiction series documenting the deeds of Fang Dazeng,a pioneer of Chinese war correspondents.Due to Fang Dazeng's short life and the scarcity of historical records related to him,there is a lack of"Fang Dazeng Story"in Feng Xuesong's literary works,which accordingly leads to a lack of stories in Disappearing and Reproducing.There is a view that a drama without a story has no dramatic quality.However,in the history of Chinese drama,there are classic works that lacks stories but have strong dramatic qualities,such as Teahouse.Disappearing and Reproducing also has weak stories,however,this does not weakens its dramatic quality.The play has achieved a unique theatrical creation by employing superb artistic techniques.It uses noble human spiritual qualities to continuously cleanse the soul of the audience,artistically sets conflicting"dilemma,"and takes advantage of environmental elements to guide the audience to immerse themselves in the plots,setting up conflicting collisions between conventional elements and avant-garde elements.