基于层次分析法的露天采石场高陡边坡生态修复方案遴选研究

Studies on the selection of ecological restoration scheme of high and steep slope in open pit quarry based on AHP

露天采石场高陡边坡生态修复是矿山生态修复的难点及重点之一,其生态修复方案需考虑的因素较多,且不同方法修复效果差别较大。基于“山西省汾河中上游山水林田湖草生态修复项目”,以太原市某露天采石场高陡边坡生态修复为例,将植被绿化模式中工程绿化技术修复类型作为生态修复目标,将地形条件、气象条件、植被保护性、经济性、景观性及植被多样性作为准则层,以各技术方案为评价因子,建立了直观简洁的评价体系,同时采用层次分析法评价,遴选出合适的修复方案。评价体系的建立及层次分析法在方案评价中的应用,为科学、高效、客观地制定露天采石场高陡边坡生态修复方案提供了新思路和新方法。

The ecological restoration of high and steep slope in open pit quarry is one of the difficulties and key points of mine ecological restoration.Based on the ecological restoration project of mountains,rivers,forests,fields,lakes and grasses in the middle and upper reaches of Fenhe River in Shanxi Province,this study takes the ecological restoration of the high and steep slope of an open-pit quarry in Taiyuan City as an example,takes the restoration type of engineering greening technology in the vegetation greening mode as the ecological restoration target,and considers the topographic conditions,meteorological conditions,vegetation protection,economy,landscape and vegetation diversity as the criterion layer.With each technical scheme as the evaluation factor,an intuitive and concise evaluation system was established,and the suitable restoration scheme was selected by Analysis Hierarchical Process(AHP).The establishment of evaluation system and the application of AHP in evaluation provide a new idea and method for scientific,efficient and objective formulation of ecological restoration program of high and steep slope in open pit quarry.