沁河流域中上游区段市镇聚落形态研究

The Settlement Form of Towns in the Middle and Upper Reaches of Qinhe River

沁河流域干支流凝聚着丰富的资源禀赋,对其选择和利用的基础上,社会经济和人居环境的空间结构主导了物资集聚和流转,生发出流域特征下的市镇聚落的空间格局与形态特征。该文针对清末沁河流域中上游区段30个市镇聚落开展研究,在清末地区禀赋和交通格局的基础上,结合聚落在市场结构中的位置,水系、道路等地理要素对市镇聚落分布和建设的影响特性等将市镇分为盆缘型、干支流交汇型和河谷型聚落。结合实地调研总结贸易活动及经济联系影响下的“带状”“枝状”和“网状”形态结构特征和“市—居(产)—储—运”空间秩序,以期获取经济活动空间演绎的路径及规则,为流域传统聚落风貌保护和可持续建设提供参考。

The main and tributaries of the Qinhe River basin are rich in resource endowments,and the spatial structure of social economy and human settlements based on their selection and utilization dominates the gathering and circulation of materials,which generates the spatial pattern and morphological characteristics of town settlements under the characteristics of the basin.In this paper,30 town settlements in the middle and upper reaches of the Qinhe River basin in the late Qing Dynasty were studied.On the basis of the regional endowment and traffic pattern in the late Qing Dynasty,the towns were divided into basin edge type,trunk tributary intersection type and valley type settlements according to the location of the settlements in the market structure,the impact of geographical factors such as water system and roads on the distribution and construction of town settlements.Based on the field survey,we summarize the"ribbon","branch"and"network"morphological structure characteristics and the"city residence(production)storage transportation"spatial order under the influence of trade activities and economic links,in order to obtain the path and rules of spatial interpretation of economic activities,and to provide some reference for the protection and sustainable construction of traditional settlements in the basin.