土地经营权抵押贷款试点政策对农业机械化的影响研究——来自中国试点县准自然实验的证据

Impact of the Pilot Policy of Land Operational Right Mortgage on Agricultural Mechanization:Evidence from Quasi-Natural Experiment in Pilot Counties in China

研究目的:评估农村土地经营权抵押贷款试点政策对农业机械化的政策效果并厘清其作用机制,为完善土地经营权抵押贷款运作机制提供参考。研究方法:理论分析、双重差分方法。研究结果:(1)土地经营权抵押贷款试点政策对县域层面的农业机械化水平总体上而言具有显著且稳健的促进效应;(2)土地经营权抵押贷款试点对农业机械化的政策效应会受到农业发展水平、财政支出水平以及区域位置的调节效应影响;(3)从作用机制来看,土地经营权抵押贷款试点政策可以促进人口、地理和经济层面的县域金融集聚,在普惠金融发展下提高农户的金融可及性并缓解其信贷约束问题,最终推进农业机械化进程。研究结论:在总结现有试点区域政策经验的基础之上,应针对性地制定与所在区域相吻合的土地经营权抵押贷款政策,以促进金融集聚,实现政策的长期效应。

The purposes of this paper are to evaluate the effect of the pilot policy of rural land operational right mortgage on agricultural mechanization and to clarify its mechanism,so as to provide the reference for improving the operational mechanism of land operational right mortgage.The research methods include theoretical analysis and difference-indifferences method.The results show that 1) the pilot policy of land operational right mortgage has a significant and stable promoting effect on agricultural mechanization at county level in general.2) The pilot policy effect of land operational right mortgage on agricultural mechanization is affected by regional agricultural base,fiscal expenditure level and regional location moderating effect.3) From the perspective of mechanism,the pilot policy of land operational right mortgage can promote the county-level financial agglomeration at the population,geographical and economic level,improve the financial accessibility of farmers and alleviate the credit constraint problem under the development of inclusive finance,and finally promote the process of agricultural mechanization.In conclusion,on the basis of summarizing the policy experience of the existing pilot regions,it is necessary to formulate the context-specific land operational right mortgage policy to promote financial agglomeration and achieve the long-term effect of the policy.