长江经济带国土空间效率差异演进及驱动机理研究

Analysis on Spatial Differences and Driving Mechanisms of Territorial Space Efficiency in the Yangtze River Economic Belt

研究目的:明晰长江经济带国土空间效率的空间差异及驱动机理,协同推进重大国家战略发展区域的国土空间格局优化和社会经济高质量发展。研究方法:以长江经济带130个城市作为研究对象,运用超效率SBM模型、空间分类、核密度估计、探索性空间数据分析法进行差异格局分析,运用地理探测器方法识别驱动机理。研究结果:(1)国土空间系统兼顾城镇发展、农业生产和生态保育等重要功能,各子系统共同影响着国土空间格局的优化进程,国土空间效率由城镇空间效率、农业空间效率和生态空间效率构成,旨在强调以最小的要素投入析出最大的综合效益。(2)高效率区以上海、重庆、武汉、长沙等为核心,呈现由内向外密度递减的多核心圈层结构,低效率区呈基底状连绵分布在上游云南、贵州等地。空间关联特征具有较强的正向相关作用,各空间的关联主导类型存在差异且空间集聚效应显著,局部LISA形态呈现“小聚集大分散”的空间关联效应。(3)国土空间效率差异演进受外部社会经济和区域本底因子的双重影响,外部社会经济因素中经济发展、财政支撑、工业化进程、土地城镇化进程能够显著推动效率提升,行政面积和地形地势等内部因子也在一定程度上影响着效率的变化。研究结论:长江经济带国土空间效率区域差异明显且集聚效应显著,未来发展要时刻把握社会经济要素与资源环境要素对国土空间效率的共同驱动作用,推动区域构建优势互补、高质量发展的国土空间布局和支撑体系。

The purpose of this paper is to clarify the spatial differences and driving mechanisms of territorial space efficiency in the Yangtze River Economic Belt,to promote the optimization of territorial space pattern and high-quality socio-economic development in major national strategic development areas.Taking 130 cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt as the research objects,this paper uses the Super-SBM model,Jenks method,Kernel Density Estimation and Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis to analyze the differentiated pattern,and uses the Geographical Detector method to identify the driving mechanism.The research results show that:1) territorial space system has important functions such as urban development,agricultural production and ecological conservation,and all subsystems jointly affect the optimization process of the territorial space pattern.The territorial space efficiency consists of urban space efficiency,agricultural space efficiency,and ecological space efficiency,aiming to emphasize the maximum comprehensive benefits with the minimum input of factors.2) The high efficiency areas are centered around Shanghai,Chongqing,Wuhan,Changsha,presenting multi-layer structure with decreasing density from the inside to outside areas.The low efficiency areas are distributed in a basal continuous manner in upstream areas,such as Yunnan and Guizhou.The spatial correlation features have a strong positive correlation effect,and the dominant types of correlation in each space are different,and the spatial agglomeration effect is significant.The local LISA forms a spatial correlation effect of “small aggregation and large dispersion”.3) The evolution of differences in territorial space efficiency is influenced by both external socio-economic and regional background factors,and the external socio-economic factors played a leading role.The economic development,financial support and land urbanization process can significantly promote the improvement in utilization efficiency.The regional internal factors,such as the administrative area or topography,can also affect the change of efficiency to a certain extent.In conclusion,the regional differences in territorial space efficiency of the Yangtze River Economic Belt are obvious and the agglomeration effect is significant.In future,it is necessary to constantly grasp the common driving effect of socio-economic factors and resource environmental factors on territorial space efficiency,and to construct a territorial space layout and the supporting system with complementary advantages and high-quality development in the region.