大豆钾营养及其分子调控机制研究进展

Research progress on potassium nutrient and molecular regulatory mechanism of soybean

钾元素对大豆的产量、品质以及抗逆性均有重要影响。土壤中富含钾元素,但大部分钾不能被根系直接吸收利用,导致植物缺钾。生产中需要额外施入钾肥满足大豆生长发育所需钾素,而过量的钾肥使用又加剧了环境污染。解决这一两难困局的重要举措在于提高大豆对钾素的吸收利用效率。因此,掌握大豆吸收利用钾素的规律并解析其背后的分子遗传机制是实现大豆钾高效的重要前提。本文综述了国内外研究者对大豆不同生长发育时期钾素的吸收、积累及转运再分配规律相关研究数据,重点对大豆钾营养高效分子遗传机制方面的研究进展进行了总结,同时针对该领域的研究现状提出了未来值得研究和关注的科学问题。

Potassium is one of essential macronutrient that influence plant growth and development.Soybean is an important grain and oil cash crop.Potassium underpins soybean yield production,quality determination and stress tolerance.Actually,though potassium in soil is abundant,plants usually live under a potassium-deficiency conditions due to chemical state of potassium in soil that is hardly up-taken directly by plant root system.Therefore,potassium fertilizers are commonly used in agriculture to meet the potassium requirement,but excessive use of fertil-izers has led to serious environmental pollution.Improving soybean potassium use efficiency is a better way to re-solve the dilemma.Therefore,understanding how soybean sense potassium deficiency and activate its potassium up-take system is a prerequisite for improving potassium use efficiency of soybean.The objective of this paper is two-fold:firstly,to provide a comprehensive review of the patterns governing potassium uptake,accumulation,redistribu-tion;secondly,to focus on research progress in molecular and genetic mechanisms of potassium use efficiency.Fi-nally,some unsolved issues and key questions were discussed.