榕树遮阳环境下人群的生理健康指标评价与影响因素研究

Research on evaluation and influencing factors of human physiological health indexes under the canopy shade of Ficus trees

基于树种的生态系统服务视角,以福州的优势树种——细叶榕(Ficus microcarpa)、高山榕(Ficus altissima)、雅榕(Ficus concinna)等3种榕属树种为研究对象,采用现场实验、物种调查采样和统计分析相结合的方法,探讨榕属树种遮阳环境下人群的生理指标特征与差异,通过筛选有效指示人群健康的榕树功能性状,预测关键功能性状的贡献程度。结果表明:相比无遮阳环境,细叶榕遮阳环境下受试者表现出低体温和低脉搏的特征;叶面积、叶干物质含量和叶长宽比等性状因子对细叶榕下受试者的生理指标存在较大影响;细叶榕的叶绿素含量和叶长宽比能够预测受试者体温40.3%的变异量,且存在显著正响应。研究结果能够为人群应对高温热浪风险提供健康出行建议,为热带和亚热带的城市树种选择和景观绿化设计提供参考依据。

From the perspective of ecosystem services of tree species,this study took three types of Ficus tree species,Ficus microcarpa,Ficus altissima,Ficus concinna trees,Fuzhou(a typical high-temperature city)as the research object.We employed the field experiment,species investigation and statistical analysis.We discussed the characteristics and differences of health effects under three types of Ficus species.With the selection of functional traits indicating human health,we predicted the contribution of key functional traits.The analytical results showed that:The subjects showed the characteristics of lower body temperature and pulse rate under the canopy of Ficus microcarpa than in the exposed environments.In addition,the traits including leaf dry matter content,specific leaf area,and length-width ratio had a great influence on human physiological health indexes under the canopy of Ficus microcarpa tree.The leaf chlorophyll content and length-width ratio of Ficus microcarpa tree could predict body temperature by 40.3%variance.Those findings in this paper can provide healthy travel suggestions to deal with heat wave risk,and provide a reference basis for tree species selection and green landscape design in tropical and subtropical cities.