五段文英语写作模式的修辞学渊源与应用探讨

On the Application and Rhetorical Origin of Five-paragraph Essay

风行于美国的五段文写作模式与西方修辞教育传统中的修辞初阶以及古典言说五大任务中的谋篇之间存在着紧密联系。五段文写作模式在理论上脱胎于古典言说中谋篇的四个步骤,在实践上则是萃取于欧洲古典修辞教育中修辞初阶的主要优先任务。五段文模式在写作中的优势在于它可以迅速地帮助作者完成文章构思和拟定大纲,确定全文主题、中心思想和写作要点,实现结构清晰、层次分明、条理井然和中心突出。五段文因其机械性框架和程式化表达而产生的缺少观点交流方面的不足之处可以在很大程度上通过在写作中使用更多的互动表达式来加以补足。

As a popular writing formula in the United States,the five-paragraph essay is closely related with the Progymnasmata in western rhetorical education and the Disposition of five arts in classical rhetoric.In theory,the five-paragraph essay is derived from the four parts of Disposition in classical oratory;but in practice,it is extracted from the prior tasks of Progymnasmata in classical rhetorical education.The advantage of five-paragraph essay is that it promptly assists the author to complete the conception and outline for writing,to determine the theme,central idea and main points of the full text,and to achieve a well-organized structure,explicit order,distinct arrangement and prominent gist in the essay.What the five-paragraph essay lacks in viewpoint exchange,due to its mechanical framework and formulaic expression,can be largely compensated by using more interactively expressive formulas in the five-paragraph essay.