民事诉讼独任制扩张适用的规则审视与路径探索

On the Rules and Paths of the Expansion of the Civil Litigation Sole-judge Trial System

独任制的扩张适用有其正当性基础,是对审判组织形式独立价值重新认识的结果,也是对司法实践需求的回应。但是修改后的《民事诉讼法》对独任制扩张制度的规定存在适用标准不合理、未建立有效的审判组织转换机制、当事人程序利益保护边界模糊等问题,为了真正实现繁简分流、快慢分道的司法改革效果,应当重新构建符合制度逻辑的适用标准,建立有效的审判组织双向转换机制,充分听取当事人的意见,但是同时也要划清当事人程序利益保护的边界,不应让审判组织的适用受制于当事人的意见。

The expanded application of the sole-judge system has its justification basis,which is a result of renewed awareness of the independent value of the trial organization form and response to the needs of judicial practice.However,the provisions of the amended Civil Procedure Law on the expanded application of sole-judge system suffer from unreasonable application standards,ineffective trial organization conversion mechanism,and blurred boundary of the protection of the parties’procedural interests.In order to separate simplicity from complexity and determine the priority,the applicable standards that conform to the logic of the system should be reconstructed,an effective two-way conversion mechanism for trial organizations should be established,the opinions of the parties should be valued,and a clear boundary for the protection of the procedural interests of the parties should be determined,so that the application of the trial organization should not be subject to the views of the parties.