单花鸢尾不同时期的花香成分

Volatile Components in Different Flowering Stages of Iris uniflora

为了探究单花鸢尾在不同花期的释香规律及香气应用价值,以单花鸢尾为研究对象,探究单花鸢尾花蕾期、盛开期、衰败期的花香成分种类与质量分数。通过德国AIRSENSE公司电子鼻,采用主成分分析法(PCA)、线性判别分析方法(LDA)、传感器区分贡献率分析法(Loading)研究各花期花香成分差异性。利用顶空固相微萃取(HS-SPME)与气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)技术、碳标法、谱库检索法对3个花期的样品进行花香成分与质量分数的检测。结果表明:各花期香气可以被电子鼻显著区分,且香气成分存在显著差异性。各花期质量分数最高的为醛类、醇类,萜烯类、酚类次之。2-己烯醛、3-己烯-1-醇,这2种物质在各花期的质量分数均较高。萜烯类物质在盛开期较多,而酚类物质在花蕾期较多,芳香烃类物质仅在衰败期被检测到。单花鸢尾花香成分种类很多,其中醛类、醇类最为丰富。单花鸢尾不仅具有观赏价值,还具有药用、医用、经济价值等。

To explore the fragrance release patterns and aroma application value of Iris uniflora at different flowering stages,we studied the types and content of aromatic constituents in the bud stage,bloom stage and decay stage of I.uniflora.The electronic nose from AIRSENSE in Germany with principal components analysis(PCA),linear discriminant analysis(LDA)and loading analysis(LA)were used to study the differences of aromatic constituents in each flowering stage.We used space solid phase microextraction(HS-SPME)and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)combined with carbon labeling,library searching to detect aromatic constituents and amounts of samples from three flowering stage.The aroma of each flowering period can be significantly distinguished by electronic nose,and there are significant differences in aromatic constituents.The contentof aldehydes and alcohols were the highest at each flowering stage,followed by terpenes and phenols.The contents of 2-hexenal and 3-Hexen-1-ol were higher at each flowering stage.While terpenes are more in full bloom stage,phenols are more in bud stage,and aromatic hydrocarbons are only detected in decay stage.There are many kinds of aromatic constituents in I.uniflora,among which aldehydes and alcohols are the most abundant.Besides its ornamental value,I.uniflora also has medical and economic values.