制度嵌入下社会资本对企业创新影响机制的组态研究

Research on the Configuration of the Influence Mechanism of Social Capital on Firm Innovation under Institutional Embedding

使用模糊集定性比较分析(fsQCA)方法,探讨制度环境、企业外部社会资本和内部社会资本3个维度6个变量间的交互作用对创新投入和创新绩效的影响效用,提出并检验关于不同制度环境下企业社会资本与创新投入间关系以及高创新绩效组态中制度与社会资本要素互动关系的研究假设,并在此基础上识别引致高创新投入的“政府‘帮扶之手’×企业‘非政治资本’促研发”和“政府‘残缺之手’×企业‘政商研资本’稳研发”的条件组态,识别引致高创新绩效的“‘亲而不清’制度环境×内外部社会资本协同驱动型”“‘亲清制度’环境×企业外部社会资本替代驱动型”和“‘亲清’制度环境×企业内部社会资本替代驱动型”的条件组态。研究整合制度理论与社会资本理论,为揭示复杂动态环境下企业创新过程提供解释机制。结论有助于管理者依据所处制度环境,构建获取创新优势的社会关系网络。

The fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis(fsQCA)method is used to explore the effect of the interaction between institutional environment,external social capital and internal social capital on innovation in⁃put and innovation performance.The paper put forward and test research hypotheses on the relationship between corporate social capital and innovation input under different institutional environments and the interaction be⁃tween institutional and social capital elements in the configuration of high innovation performance.On this basis,the conditions of“government’s‘helping hand’×enterprise’s‘non-political capital’promoting R&D”and“gov⁃ernment’s‘incomplete hand’×enterprise’s‘government,business and research capital’stabilizing R&D”lead⁃ing to high innovation input are identified.We also identify the condition configurations that lead to high innovation performance“:‘friendly but unclear institutional’environment×internal and external social capital synergistic driv⁃ing type”,“‘friendly institutional’environment×external social capital substitution driving type”and“‘friendly institutional’environment×internal social capital substitution driving type”.The integration of system theory and social capital theory will provide an explanatory mechanism for revealing the complex dynamic enterprise innova⁃tion process.The conclusion is helpful for managers to build a social network to obtain innovation advantage ac⁃cording to their institutional environment.