石羊河流域径流变化特征

Characteristics of runoff change in the Shiyang River Basin

基于石羊河流域干流及八大支流的9个水文站和35个雨量站的逐月降水和径流数据,采用小波分析和双累积曲线等方法,研究石羊河流域径流的变化特征。结果表明:(1)石羊河流域径流量总体呈减少趋势,平均每10 a减少0.37亿m3,其中石羊河干流、金塔河、杂木河、黄羊河和古浪河的径流量减少,西大河、东大河、西营河和大靖河的径流量增加。(2)石羊河流域的9个水文站存在2~10、10~30 a的周期变化,其中杂木寺站和黄羊河水库站还存在30~60 a的长周期变化,并且9个水文站分别在24、21、21、21、43、45、22、17、21 a的时间尺度丰枯变化最明显。(3)石羊河干流和八大支流突变分别发生在1971、2014、2000、2018、1960、1959、1962、1994、1965年,其中石羊河干流、金塔河、杂木河、黄羊河和古浪河突变后径流量下降,西大河、西营河和大靖河突变后径流量增加,东大河不具有突变性。研究结果可以为石羊河流域水资源的科学管理、优化配置和后续生态工程的实施提供参考。

Based on the month-by-month precipitation and runoff data from 12 hydrological stations and 35 rainfall stations in the main stream and eight tributaries of the Shiyang River Basin,wavelet analysis and double accumulation curve were used to study the change characteristics of runoff in the Shiyang River Basin.The results showed that:(1)The overall trend of runoff in the Shiyang River Basin was decreasing,with an average decrease of 0.37 billion m3 per 10 a.The runoff in the main stream of Shiyang River,Jinta River,Zamu River,Huangyang River and Gulang River decreased,and the runoff in the Xida River,Dongda River,Xiying River and Dajing River increased.(2)Nine hydrological stations in the Shiyang River Basin have periodic variations on time scales of 2-10 a and 10-30 a,among which the Zamusi station and the Huangyanghe reservoir station also have long periodic variations of 30-60 a,and the nine hydrological stations have the most obvious changes in abundance and depletion on time scales of 24,21,21,21,43,45,22,17,21 a,respectively.(3)The abrupt changes in the Shiyang River main stream and eight major tributaries occurred in 1971,2014,2000,2018,1960,1959,1962,1994 and 1965,respectively,in which the runoff decreased after abrupt changes in the Shiyang River main stream,Jinta River,Zamu River,Huangyang River and Gulang River,increased after abrupt changes in the Xida River,Xiyang River and Dajing River,and did not have abrupt changes in the Dongda River.The results of the study can provide reference for the scientific management and optimal allocation of water resources in the Shiyang River basin and the implementation of subsequent ecological projects.