基于共同养育理论的母乳喂养支持方案在NICU早产儿医院-家庭过渡期中的应用

Application of an intervention based on co-parenting theory on hospital-home transitional breastfeeding of NICU preterm infants

目的探讨基于共同养育理论的母乳喂养支持方案在NICU早产儿医院-家庭过渡期中的应用效果。方法采用判断抽样法,选取2021年6月-12月扬州市某三级甲等医院NICU收治的90例早产儿及其父母作为研究对象,将2021年10月-12月收治的作为试验组,将2021年6月-9月收治的作为对照组,各45例。试验组在常规护理的基础上,接受基于共同养育理论的母乳喂养支持;对照组接受常规护理。比较早产儿出院前及出院后2、4、6周,两组简易共同养育量表得分、母乳喂养家庭支持问卷得分、IOWA婴儿喂养态度量表得分、纯母乳喂养率和纯母乳喂养时间的差异。结果研究过程中脱落12例,最终试验组纳入38例,对照组纳入40例。早产儿出院后2、4、6周,试验组简易共同养育量表、IOWA婴儿喂养态度量表、母乳喂养家庭支持问卷得分均高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。早产儿出院后4、6周,试验组纯母乳喂养率均高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。试验组纯母乳喂养时间长于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P=0.003)。结论在NICU早产儿医院-家庭过渡期实施基于共同养育理论的母乳喂养支持方案,可改善母亲的共同养育感知、母乳喂养家庭支持感知以及母乳喂养态度,提高早产儿纯母乳喂养率,延长纯母乳喂养时间。

Objective To explore effect of an intervention program based on co-parenting theory.Methods By judgment sampling method,90 parents of premature infants and their parents admitted to neonatal intensive care unit in a tertiary A hospital in Yangzhou,Jiangsu Province from June to December 2021 were selected as the research subjects.They were divided into a control group and an experimental group with 45 pairs in each group.In addition to routine nursing,the experimental group received co-parenting breastfeeding support based on co-parenting theory.The control group only adopted routine nursing.The 2 groups of premature infants were measured by mothers’perception of co-parenting,family support for breastfeeding,breastfeeding attitudes,breastfeeding rate and duration of exclusive breastfeeding before discharge,2 weeks,4 weeks and 6 weeks after discharge.Results 12 pairs of preterm infants dropped,and 38 pairs were included in the experimental group and 40 pairs in the control group at last.Scores of mothers’perception of co-parenting,family support for breastfeeding,breastfeeding attitudes in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group 2 weeks,4 weeks and 6 weeks after discharge,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The exclusive breastfeeding rate of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group 4 weeks and 6 weeks after discharge(P<0.05).The duration of exclusive breastfeeding after discharge in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P=0.003).Conclusion The breastfeeding support program based on co-parenting theory implemented in NICU hospital-family transitional period of preterm infants can improve mothers’perceptions of co-parenting,perceptions of breastfeeding family support and attitudes towards breastfeeding,increase exclusive breastfeeding rates and extend the duration of exclusive breastfeeding.