基于DOHaD理念导向的营养支持护理在妊娠期糖尿病患者中的应用

Application of Nutritional Support Nursing Based on DOHaD Concept in Patients with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

目的:探讨基于DOHaD理念导向的营养支持护理在妊娠期糖尿病患者中的应用效果。方法:选取2019年1月1日~2021年1月31日收治的120例妊娠期糖尿病患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组各60例,对照组给予常规干预,观察组在此基础上给予基于DOHaD理念导向的营养支持护理;比较两组干预前后体质量指数(BMI)、体脂率及血清白蛋白(ALB)水平,糖脂代谢指标[包括空腹胰岛素(FINS)、空腹血糖(FBG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA_(1)c)、血清总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)],妊娠期糖尿病知识问卷、中文版糖尿病自我效能量表(C-DMSES)、糖尿病自我管理行为量表(SDSCA)评分以及妊娠结局。结果:干预后,观察组BMI、体脂率、ALB、FINS、FBG及HbA_(1)c、TC、TG、LDL-C、HDL-C值均优于对照组(P<0.05);妊娠期糖尿病知识问卷评分、C-DMSES评分均高于对照组(P<0.05),SDSCA评分低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组不良妊娠结局率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:将基于DOHaD理念导向的营养支持护理应用于妊娠期糖尿病患者中,可改善其营养状态、妊娠结局,调节糖脂代谢指标,提高健康认知、自我保健能力。

Objective:To explore the application effect of nutritional support nursing based on the concept of Doha(DOHaD)in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus.Methods:The random number table method A total of 120 puerperae with gestational diabetes mellitus admitted from January 1,2019 to January 31,2021 were selected as the study subjects and were by the random number table method divided into the control group and the observation group with 60 cases in each group.The control group was given routine intervention.On the basis of the control group,the observation group was given nutrition support nursing based on DOHaD concept.The BMI,body fat percentage,serum albumin(ALB)levels,glucose and lipid metabolism indexes,including fasting insulin(FINS),fasting blood glucose(FBG),glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c),serum total cholesterol(TC),three acyl glycerin(TG),low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),gestational diabetes knowledge questionnaire,the Chinese version of diabetes self-efficacy scale(C-DMSES),diabetes self-management behavior scale(SDSCA)score,and pregnancy outcome scores were compared between the two groups before and after the intervention.Results:After the intervention,the BMI,body fat percentage,ALB level,FINS,FBG and HbA1C values,and lipid metabolism indexes TC,TG,LDL-C,and HDL-C were higher in the observation group than those in the control group(P<0.05).The gestational diabetes knowledge questionnaire scores and C-DMSES scores were higher in the observation group than those in the control group(P<0.05).The SDSCA scores were lower in the observation group than those in the control group(P<0.05).And the adverse pregnancy outcome rate in the observation group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The application of nutritional support nursing based on DOHaD concept in pregnant women with gestational diabetes can improve their nutritional status and pregnancy outcomes,regulate glucose and lipid metabolism indicators,and increase maternal health cognition and self-care ability.