2019-2020年苏州市居民健康素养水平对体育锻炼频率的影响

Influence of health literacy level on frequency of physical exercise among residents inSuzhou City from 2019-2020

目的 了解苏州市18~45岁居民健康素养水平和体育锻炼频率的现状及健康素养对体育锻炼频率的影响。方法 从2019年和2020年苏州市两次的健康素养监测数据库中选取18~45岁居民作为本次调查对象,并对数据进行分析。结果 2020年苏州市18~45岁居民健康素养合格率为57.4%,比2019年的47.0%提升了10.4%(P<0.05),但经常进行体育锻炼的比例下降了1.1%。2019年苏州市18~45岁居民体育锻炼的影响因素有健康生活方式与行为(OR=1.47,95%CI:1.06~2.04)、健康技能(OR=1.58,95%CI:1.14~2.19)、安全与急救(OR=1.65,95%CI:1.07~2.54)和健康信息(OR=1.79,95%CI:1.27~2.54)。2020年居民体育锻炼的影响因素有科学健康观(OR=0.74,95%CI:0.58~0.94)。结论 2019—2020年苏州市居民健康素养合格率上升,但体育锻炼频率下降。健康素养中的健康生活方式与行为、健康技能、安全与急救、健康信息是2019年居民体育锻炼频率的影响因素,科学健康观是2020年体育锻炼频率的影响因素。建议进一步加强宣传和健康教育来提升居民健康素养水平,同时为居民提供更好的体育锻炼条件,不断强化全民健身的健康观念,从而更好地建设“健康中国”。

Objective To understand the status of health literacy level and physical exercise frequency among residents aged 18-45 years old in Suzhou City,analyze the influence of health literacy on frequency of physical exercise.Methods The data of residents aged 18-45 years old were collected from the databases of health literacy monitoring in Suzhou City in 2019 and 2020,and the data were analyzed.Results The qualified rate of health literacy among residents aged 18-45 years old in Suzhou City in 2020 was 57.4%,with an increase of 10.4%from 47.0%in 2019(P<0.05),while the proportion of regular physical exercise decreased by 1.1%.In 2019,the influencing factors of physical exercise among residents aged 18-45 years old in Suzhou City included healthy lifestyle and behavior(OR=1.47,95%CI:1.06-2.04),health skills(OR=1.58,95%CI:1.14-2.19),safety and first aid(OR=1.65,95%CI:1.07-2.54),and health information(OR=1.79,95%CI:1.27-2.54).In 2020,the influencing factor of physical exercise among residents was scientific outlook on health(OR=0.74,95%CI:0.58-0.94).Conclusions From 2019-2020,the qualified rate of health literacy among residents in Suzhou City increases,but the frequency of physical exercise decreases.The healthy lifestyle and behavior,health skills,safety and first aid,and health information in health literacy are the influencing factors of residents'physical exercise frequency in 2019,and scientific health outlook is the influencing factor of physical exercise frequency in 2020.It is recommended that we further strengthen publicity and health education to improve residents'health literacy level,provide better physical exercise conditions for residents,continuously strengthen the health concept of national fitness,so as to better build a"Healthy China".