基于实地核查的气象卫星森林火情监测真实性检验

Authenticity Test of Meteorological Satellite Forest Fire Monitoring Based on On-site Verification

随着卫星平台的高速发展和监测技术的日趋完善,气象卫星凭借高频次和高时效特点在森林火情监测方面具有独特优势。研究简要介绍了气象卫星森林火情监测原理,提出了卫星监测缓冲区半径人工核查法,对极轨气象卫星(polar-orbiting meteorological satellite)上下文法(contextual)和静止气象卫星(geostationary meteorological satellite)时序法(temporal sequence method)计算得出的林火监测结果进行真实性检验。结果显示,极轨与静止气象卫星结合的森林火情监测方法的真实火点率达81.03%,具有较高的时空稳定性;湖南省真实火点分布具有明显的时空分布集聚特征,湖南南部五地级市监测得到的真实火点占全省真实火点的76.60%,“林火较高发期”监测真实火点占全部真实火点的81.96%;静止气象卫星首次监测到的真实火点占全部真实火点数的96.28%,FY4A国产静止气象卫星在森林火情监测中体现了明显高精度优势。研究表明,卫星监测实地核查为森林火情真实性检验工作提供了重要的核验数据,填补了国内大尺度长时序森林火情监测真实性检验的空白,为气象卫星森林火情监测的业务化运行提供了技术参考。

With the rapid development of satellite platforms and the improvement of monitoring technology,meteorological satellites have exerted unique advantages in forest fire monitoring by virtue of their high frequency and high timeliness.The principle of meteorological satellite forest fire monitoring was briefly introduced,and a manual verification method for satellite monitoring buffer zone radius was proposed.The authenticity of the forest fire monitoring results obtained by the contextual method of polar orbiting meteorological satellites and the temporal sequence method of geostationary meteorological satellites was verified.The results show that the forest fire monitoring method combined with polar orbit and geostationary meteorological satellites has a true fire spot rate of 81.03%,which has a high temporal and spatial stability.The distribution of real fire spots in Hunan Province has an obvious spatiotemporal distribution and concentration characteristics.The real fire spots monitored by five prefecture-level cities in southern Hunan account for 76.60%of the real fire spots in the province,and the real fire spots monitored during the“high occurrence period of forest fires”account for 81.96%of the total real fire spots.The actual fire points detected by geostationary meteorological satellites for the first time account for 96.28%of the total actual fire points.FY4A domestic geostationary meteorological satellites have demonstrated significant high-precision advantages in forest fire monitoring.Research has shown that satellite monitoring on-site verification provides important verification data for forest fire authenticity testing,fills the gap in large-scale and long-term forest fire monitoring authenticity testing in China,and provides technical reference for the operational operation of meteorological satellite forest fire monitoring.