无人机数据链宽带白噪声电磁干扰效应研究

Research on wideband white noise electromagnetic interference effect of UAV data link

为评估无人机数据链在复杂电磁环境下的生存能力,对无人机数据链开展了宽带白噪声电磁干扰效应研究。基于数据链接收机的噪声干扰原理和评估方法,采用电磁干扰注入方法进行电磁敏感度试验。研究了数据链抗干扰系数随频率瞄准度和带宽覆盖比的变化规律,并分别从中频输出信号和数据链性能参数变化的角度分析了宽带白噪声干扰效应机理。研究结果表明,大功率的宽带白噪声压制式干扰在数据链射频前端产生非线性增益压缩效应,导致中频工作信号功率下降,其作用效果取决于干扰信号的频率瞄准度和带宽覆盖比;对于部分频带白噪声压制式干扰,存在一个使无人机数据链抗干扰性能最弱的干扰信号带宽覆盖比;在对数据链干扰效果相同的情况下,全频带白噪声压制干扰的带宽越宽,所需要的干信比就越高。

In order to evaluate the survivability of unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)data link in complex electromagnetic environment,the wideband white noise electromagnetic interference effect of UAV data link is studied.Based on the noise interference principle and evaluation method of data link receiver,electromagnetic sensitivity test is carried out by the electromagnetic interference injection method.The variation of anti-interference coefficient of data link with frequency aiming and bandwidth coverage ratio is studied,and the mechanism of broadband white noise interference is analyzed from the perspective of intermediate frequency output signal and data link performance parameters.Experimental results show that the high-power wideband white noise compressed jamming produces nonlinear gain compression effect at the radio frequency front end of the data link,which leads to the power reduction of the intermediate frequency working signal,and the effect depends on the frequency aiming degree and bandwidth coverage ratio of the jamming signal;there is an optimal jamming coverage ratio for partial band noise compression jamming,which leads to the highest jamming efficiency;under the same jamming effect,the wider the bandwidth of full-band white noise suppression jamming,the higher the required jamming-to-signal ratio and the lower the jamming efficiency will be.