电流辅助成形技术研究进展及展望

Research progress and prospect of current⁃assisted forming technology

超塑成形/扩散连接(SPF/DB)工艺是指在一个热循环内材料同时完成成形和扩散连接的加工过程。随着航空航天领域对轻质高强难变形金属材料需求增加,迫切需要探索这类材料的成形新方法。电流辅助成形能够降低材料流动应力,提高其成形精度,与SPF/DB工艺相结合能够高效制备复杂结构件,这对高强难变形金属材料成形具有重要意义。介绍了电致塑性原理,梳理了电流辅助成形、扩散连接和SPF/DB的特点与优势,阐述了目前电流辅助成形工艺面临的挑战与展望。

Superplastic forming/diffusion bonding(SPF/DB)technology is the process of accomplishing forming and diffusion bonding simultaneously in one thermal cycle of material.With the increasing demand for lightweight and difficult⁃to⁃deformation metal materials with high strength in aerospace field,it is urgent to explore new methods for forming these materials.Current⁃assisted forming can reduce the flow stress of material and improve its forming accuracy.The combination of current⁃assisted forming and SPF/DB process can effi⁃ciently prepare complex structural parts,which is of great significance forming difficult⁃to⁃deformation metal materials with high strength.The principle of electroplasticity was introduced,the characteristics and advantages of current⁃assisted forming,diffusion bonding and SPF/DB were summarized,and the challenges and prospects of current⁃assisted forming technology were expounded.