中西部农业县的拆分型城镇化与依附性城乡关系——基于甘肃省X县的实证研究

Split Urbanization and Dependent Urban-rural Relations in Agricultural Counties in the Central and Western Regions:Taking X County in Gansu Province as An Example

县域是城乡融合发展的重要切入点,中西部农业县是城镇化的重要空间节点,县域城镇化能否推动县域内城乡关系走向融合呢?通过对甘肃省X县的个案分析,研究发现:县域城镇化是一种农民家庭的生产和生活空间分离的拆分型城镇化,县城作为一个非生产性的消费性城镇,其发展建立在农民家庭内部的资源转移基础之上,所生成的是乡村服务县城的依附性城乡关系。依附性城乡关系是在产业空心化约束条件下依靠教育拉动的土地城镇化模式生成的,并导致以下两个社会后果:一是教育的工具化导致城乡教育的两极分化;二是城镇化的不稳定性导致农民家庭资源的透支。要实现以人为本的新型城镇化战略和城乡融合发展,县域城镇化应当明确以下三个定位:在农民家庭发展中的过渡性、县域内城乡一体性以及与大中城市城镇化的互补性。

County is an important entry point for the development of urban-rural integration,and the central and western agricultural counties are important spatial nodes for urbanization.Does county urbanization promote the integration of urban-rural relations within the county?Through the case analysis of X County in Gansu Province,the study found that:County urbanization is a split urbanization in which the production and living spaces of rural families are separated.The county has become a non-productive consumer city,and its development is based on rural families.Based on the internal resource transfer,what is generated is the dependent urban-rural relationship of the rural areas serving the county.The dependent urban-rural relationship is generated by the urbanization model of land driven by education under the constraints of the hollowing-out of industries,and has led to the following two social consequences.Firstly,the instrumentalization of education has led to the polarization of urban-rural education.Secondly,the instability of urbanization has led to an overdraft of rural family resources.To truly realize the new people-oriented urbanization and the integrated development of urban and rural areas,county urbanization should assume the following three functions:transitionin the development of rural families,urban-rural integration within the county,and complementarity with the urbanization of large and medium-sized cities.