基于R语言数据挖掘的姜-枣药对配伍特点及组方规律分析

Compatibility characteristics and formulation rules analysis of Zingiber officinale-Jujubae Fructus herb pair based on R language data mining

目的通过数据挖掘含姜-枣药对的方剂信息,分析其配伍特点及组方规律,为临床合理应用及药物开发提供指导。方法检索含姜-枣药对的方剂数据,采用Excel软件提取方药信息,并运用R语言、Cytoscape软件对方剂组成、剂量、配比、功效、病证等进行频次统计及关联分析。结果共检索到847首含姜-枣药对的方剂,涉及中药475种,使用频次9786次,常用药对为生姜-大枣和干姜-大枣,其次为炮姜-大枣、煨姜-大枣、姜炭-大枣。目标方剂共涉及19种功效及63种病证,其中功效以补益、和解应用最为频繁,且生姜-大枣侧重于解表,干姜-大枣侧重于温里;病证以内科病证为首,主要为虚劳、腹痛、感冒等。大枣每人日服量集中于20枚以下,与补益、和解、解表等关联较强;生姜每人日服量主要为<20 g,与和解、解表相关联;干姜每人日服量主要为<5 g,与温里、和解相关联。生姜-大枣配比以>1为主,与补益、安神、和解相关联;干姜-大枣用于补益、安神时配比<1,用于和解时配比≥1。与生姜-大枣、干姜-大枣高频配伍的药物组成相近,均有甘草、人参、白芍、茯苓等药味;核心药物组成有所不同,与生姜-大枣相关的核心药物组成为生姜-大枣-甘草-人参、生姜-大枣-白芍-甘草,与干姜-大枣相关的核心药物组成为干姜-大枣-甘草-人参、干姜-大枣-当归-甘草、干姜-大枣-甘草-肉桂、干姜-大枣-茯苓-甘草。结论含姜-枣药对方剂功效以补益、和解为主,针对不同疾病姜-枣的剂量和配比需适当调整,与姜-枣药对配伍的高频药物主要为甘草、人参、白芍、茯苓。

Objective Through data mining of prescription information containing Jiang(Zingiber officinale,ZO)-Dazao(Jujubae Fructus,JF)herb pair,to analyze their compatibility characteristics and formulation rules and provide guidance for rational clinical application and drug development.Methods The data of prescriptions containing ZO-JF herb pair were retrieved and the information was extracted by Excel software.The frequency statistics and relevance analysis on composition,dosage,proportion,efficacy,diseases and syndromes of prescriptions were analyzed by R language and Cytoscape software.Results A total of 847 prescriptions containing ZO-JF herb pair were retrieved,involving 475 traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs)with a total frequency of 9786 times.Shengjiang(Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens,ZRR)-JF and Ganjiang(Zingiberis Rhizoma,ZR)-JF were the common herb pairs,Paojiang(Zingiberis Rhizoma Praeparatum)-JF,roasted ginger-JF and carbonized ginger-JF were less applicated.Amount to 19 kinds of efficacy and 63 kinds of diseases and syndromes were involved in the target prescriptions,among which tonifying and reconciliation were most frequently used.ZRR-JF focused on relieving exterior syndrome,and ZR-JF focused on warming interior.The diseases and syndromes were mainly internal diseases,such as consumptive disease,abdominal pain and cold.The daily dosage of JF per person was less than 20,which was strongly related to the efficacy of tonifying,reconciliation and relieving exterior syndrome.The daily dosage of ZRR per person was mainly distributed below 20 g,which was associated with the reconciliation and relieving exterior syndrome.The daily dosage of ZR per person was mainly distributed below 5 g,which was associated with warming interior and reconciliation.The ratio of ZRR-JF was mainly>1,which was related to tonifying,sedative and reconciliation.The ratio of ZR-JF was<1 when used for tonifying and sedative,and was≥1 when used for reconciliation.The compositions of high-frequency compatibility with ZRR-JF and ZR-JF were similar,such as Gancao(Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma),Renshen(Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma),Baishao(Paeoniae Radix Alba)and Fuling(Poria).The core of drugs for ZRR-JF were ZRR-JF-Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma-Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma,ZRR-JF-Paeoniae Radix Alba-Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma;the core of drugs for ZR-JF were ZR-JF-Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma-Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma,ZR-JF-Danggui(Angelicae Sinensis Radix)-Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma,ZR-JF-Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma-Rougui(Cinnamomi Cortex),ZR-JF-Poria-Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma.Conclusion The efficacy of prescription containing ZO-JF herb pair was mainly tonifying and reconciliation.The dosage and ratio of ZO-JF should be adjusted appropriately for different diseases.The high frequency drugs compatible with ZO-JF herb pair were mainly Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma,Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma,Paeoniae Radix Alba and Poria.