鸡马立克氏病鉴别与防治

Identification and Control of Marek's Disease in Chickens

马立克氏病是鸡养殖领域发生流行率较高的一类病毒性传染病,鸡群对该类病毒的易感性最强,年龄越小的鸡感染几率越大。典型的临床特征是淋巴组织显著增生,一年四季均可传播流行,未经疫苗免疫接种或者免疫失败的鸡群,一旦发生几乎会造成全群发病、全群感染,给养殖户造成严重的经济损失。随着家禽养殖业不断向集约化、规模化方向发展,养殖密度增加背景下,马立克氏病这类免疫抑制性疾病的发生流行率呈现逐渐增加的态势。单纯的马立克氏病感染引发的传染性疾病造成的死亡率相对较低,但是由于病毒会不断攻击鸡群的淋巴系统,导致机体出现严重的免疫,抑制多种疫苗免疫接种失败,经常会出现混合感染并发感染的现象。该文探讨鸡马立克氏病的发病原因、马立克氏病的临床症状和病理变化,并就常见疾病作出进一步的鉴别诊断,提出相应的防治方法,希望对广大同行有所帮助。

Marek's disease(MD-RRB-is a kind of viral infectious disease with high prevalence in the field of chicken farmiChickenskens are most susceptible to the virus,and the younger the chickens are,the more likely they are to be infected.The typical clinical features are obvious proliferation of lymphoid tissue,which can spread and epidemic all year round.The chickens that have not been vaccinated or failed in immunization will almost cause the whole group disease and the whole group infection once it happens,causing serious economic losses to the farmers.With the development of intensive and large-scale poultry industry,the increasing density of poultry farming,the prevalence of immunosuppressive diseases such as Marek's disease is increasing gradually.The death rate from Marek's disease infectious disease is relatively low,but the virus continues to attack the lymphatic system of chickens,leading to a severe immune response,mixed infections often occur when vaccination against multiple vaccines fails.In this paper,the causes of Marek's disease,the clinical symptoms and pathological changes of Marek's disease were discussed,and the differential diagnosis of common diseases was made,hope to help the majority of peers.