武威慕容智墓壁画颜料分析及制作工艺研究

Analysis of colouring pigments and production techniques of the Murong Zhi's Tomb murals in Wuwei

慕容智墓壁画发现为研究吐谷浑葬制葬俗及唐与吐谷浑民族关系史等问题提供重要实物资料。本研究利用扫描电镜-能谱(SEM-EDS)、拉曼(Raman)、X衍射(XRD)及热裂解气相色谱质谱联用(PY-GC-MS)等方法,分析了唐慕容智墓出土壁画的颜料和制作工艺。结果显示慕容智墓壁画颜料原料为铁红、铅丹、碳黑、靛蓝、方解石;壁画结构分为支撑体、地仗层、颜料层三部分;绘制壁画过程中,采用颜料加动物胶进行调和。

The discovery of murals in the tomb of Murong Zhi provides important material evidence for studying the burial customs of the Tuyuhun people and the historical relationship between the Tang Dynasty and the Tuyuhun ethnic group.In this study,scanning electron microscopy-energy-dispersive spectroscopy(SEM-EDS),Raman spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction(XRD),and pyrolysis-gas chromatographymass spectrometry(PY-GC-MS)were used to analyze the pigments and production techniques of the murals unearthed from the Tang-Dynasty Murong Zhi’s tomb.The results show that the pigments used in the murals include hematite,red lead,carbon black,indigo,and calcite.The mural structure consists of a support layer,a ground layer,and a pigment layer.Animal glue was used to mix the pigments during the mural painting process.