蚕用柞树产叶量预测研究

Study on prediction of leaf yield of oak trees used for rearing tussah

为合理利用柞树资源,避免出现因柞叶被食用过度而造成树势衰退,应根据柞叶产量来确定合适的投种量,从而达到叶种平衡。该研究以1~4年生中干树型辽东栎为材料,测量柞树枝条长度、茎(节)间、叶片产量等预测柞树产叶量。结果表明:1年生枝条单片叶片平均质量最重,达到了(0.58±0.11)g,且与其他年生枝龄存在显著性差异(P<0.05);4年生枝条的平均茎(节)间最长,达到了(3.98±0.61)cm,且与其他年生枝龄存在显著性差异(P<0.05);单位条长产叶量为1年生(24.97±5.99 g·m^(-1))>4年生(18.62±5.31 g·m^(-1))>2年生(16.08±2.00 g·m^(-1))>3年生(14.88±1.71 g·m^(-1));总条长法预测值与实测值之间无显著性差异,表明总条长法适合于柞树产叶量预测,二者相关系数达到0.857。该研究结果对柞园柞树产叶量的预测具有理论价值,为实现柞蚕与柞树之间叶种平衡及柞园可持续利用具有重要意义。

Oak tree is the material basis for the development of tussah production.It is necessary to determine the appropriate tussah egg amount according to the leaf yield of oak trees,so as to achieve the balance of oak leaves and tussah eggs,for avoiding the decline of oak tree potential caused by excessive consumption of leaves.In this study,1-year-old to 4-year-old Quercus liaotungensis with middle trunk tree-type were used as materials to predict the leaf yield of oak by measuring the length of branches,average length of stem(internode)and leaf yield.The results showed that the average weight of single leave of 1-year-old branch was the heaviest,which reached 0.58±0.11 g,and it had significant difference with other ages of branch(P<0.05).The average length of stem(internode)of 4-year-old branches was the longest(3.98±0.61 cm),and had significant difference with branches of other ages(P<0.05).The leaf yield per branch length of different ages from large to small was as follows,1-year-old(24.97±5.99 g·m^(-1))>4-year-old(18.62±5.31 g·m^(-1))>2-year-old(16.08±2.00 g·m^(-1))>3-year-old(14.88±1.71 g·m^(-1)).There was no significant difference between the predicted value of total branches length and the measured value,and the correlation between them was 0.857,which indicated that the total branches length method was suitable for the prediction of leaf yield of oak tree.The present study has theoretical value for the prediction of leaf yield of oak trees rearing tussah,and it is of important significance for reaching the balance between leaf yield of oak tree and tussah eggs,and sustainable utilization of oak forests.