气相色谱-串联质谱法测定不同苹果中60种农药残留

Determination of 60 Pesticide Residues in Different Apples Using Gas Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry

目的:本文以市场上常见的几种不同地区的苹果为研究对象,分别检测苹果果皮和果肉中农药残留的含量,为人们在食用苹果时提供科学的数据参考,对于食品卫生方面也具有非常重要的意义。方法:采用气相色谱-串联质谱联用法检测6个地区苹果皮和果肉中60种农药残留。结果:果皮中检出毒死蜱、二甲戊灵、氟氯氰菊酯、联苯菊酯、氯氰菊酯、氰戊菊酯共6种农药,6种农药在苹果中方法检出限为0.0003~0.0030 mg·kg^(-1),定量限为0.001~0.010 mg·kg^(-1),加标回收率在82%~113%,该方法灵敏度与准确度较高,能够满足多农药残留检测的要求。结论:丽江的苹果和美国的蛇果,果皮和果肉均未检测出农药残留;其余各类苹果中农药残留的种类主要是拟除虫菊酯类,且农残含量均残留在果皮,果肉中均未检出。

Objective:This article focuses on several common apples from different regions in the market,and tests the content of pesticide residues in the peel and pulp of apples,providing scientific data reference for people when eating apples.It is also of great significance for food hygiene.Method:60 pesticide residues in apple peel and pulp from 6 regions were detected by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.Result:A total of 6 pesticides,including chlorpyrifos,dimethoprim,cypermethrin,bifenthrin,cypermethrin,and fenvalerate,were detected in the fruit peel.The detection limit of the 6 pesticides in apples was 0.0003~0.0030 mg·kg^(-1),the quantitative limit was 0.001~0.010 mg·kg^(-1),and the spiked recovery rate was 82%~113%.The method had high sensitivity and accuracy,and could meet the requirements for the detection of multiple pesticide residues.Conclusion:No pesticide residues were detected in the peel and pulp of Lijiang apples and American snake fruits;the main types of pesticide residues in other types of apples are pyrethroids,and the pesticide residues are all residual in the peel and not detected in the flesh.