考虑结伴行为的长距离楼梯向下疏散实验研究

Experimental Study on Long-distance Stair Downward Evacuation with Companion Behavior

随着超高层建筑的增多,长距离楼梯疏散在公共安全领域受到越来越多的关注,结伴疏散是疏散过程中较常见的一种行为。开展两项模拟长距离向下疏散实验,分别为个体实验与结伴实验。在个体实验中,男性速度的下降趋势明显快于女性;而在结伴实验中,男女性的速度下降趋势基本保持一致。相较于个体实验,结伴实验中男性速度会下降16.49%,而女性速度会提高15.97%。在个体实验中,女性的疏散总时间决定了疏散总时长;在结伴实验中,女性的疏散总时间相较于单独疏散时减少了6.78%;综合来说,结伴疏散更有效率。结伴实验中参与者心率上升速度比个体参与实验者慢。两个实验的结果表明,随着疏散距离的增加,行人疏散速度会降低,但结伴疏散比个体疏散更有效率。

With the increase of super high-rise buildings,long-distance stair evacuation has received more and more attention in the field of public safety.In this paper,two simulated long-distance downward evacuation experiments were carried out,namely,individual experiment and companion experiment.In individual experiment,the decline trend of male speed is obviously faster than that of female.However,in the companion experiment,the decreasing trend of the speed of male and female was basically the same.Compared with the evacuation speed in the individual experiment,the speed of male in the companion experiment decreased by 16.49%,while that of female increased by 15.97%.In the individual experiment,the total evacuation time of female determines the total evacuation time,while in the companion experiment,the total evacuation time of female was reduced by 6.78%compared with the individual evacuation,which was more efficient in general.In the companion experiment,the heart rate of participants increased more slowly than that of individual participants.The results of two experiments showed that with the increase of evacuation distance,pedestrian evacuation speed decreased,but companion evacuation was more efficient than individual evacuation.