专业发展与教师赋权:艾拉·扬的教师教育思想与实践

Professional Development and Teacher Empowerment:Ella Young's Thought and Practice on Teacher Education

艾拉·扬是美国教师教育改革先驱。在职前教师教育领域,她强调师范教育应是高质量的全面教育,尤其突出艺体课程和教育实习对于培养有独立思考能力的教师的重要性;在教师职后发展中,她创办的“教师俱乐部”和“圆桌会议”是教师专业学习共同体的雏形。艾拉·扬在教师参与教育决策问题上做了先驱性的工作,她建立的“教师委员会”是美国教育史上第一个教师参与教育决策的官方机制,为美国的教师委员会运动提供了重要范型。

Ella Young is a pioneer in teacher education reform in the United States.In the field of pre-service teacher education,she emphasized that teacher education should be high-quality and holistic,especially highlighting the importance of arts and physical education courses and educational internships in the development of independent thinking.In the field of after-service teacher development,she founded Teacher's Club and Roundtable,which were the prototypes of professional learning communities for teacher.Teacher' Council founded by her was the first official mechanism for teacher's participation in educational decision in American educational history,providing important model for teacher council movement in the United States.