饲料真菌毒素对养猪生产的危害及常见脱毒吸附剂的应用

The harm of feed mycotoxins to pig production and the application of common detoxifying adsorbents

作物在生长或仓储过程中受高温高湿环境条件影响极易污染真菌毒素,受真菌毒素污染的作物通过制成饲料而严重威胁畜禽健康,导致畜禽急性或慢性中毒、免疫抑制、肝肾损伤、癌症、畸形,以及生产性能的大幅度降低。物理吸附法脱除饲料真菌毒素是一种应用广泛且有效的方法。本文综述了污染饲料的常见真菌毒素包括呕吐毒素、玉米赤霉烯酮、赭曲霉毒素、伏马霉素B1、黄曲霉素B,等对养猪生产的危害,并介绍目前广泛应用的吸附剂在猪饲料真菌毒素脱除中的应用情况,对比各种吸附剂应用中的优势和不足,并对真菌毒素的防控及吸附剂的开发与研究进行了展望,以期为全面了解真菌毒素对养猪生产的危害以及采用吸附法脱除猪饲料真菌毒素提供参考。

Crops contaminated with mycotoxins are seriously threatened by the health of livestock and poultry by making feed during growth or storage,resulting in acute or chronic poisoning,immunosup-pression,liver and kidney damage,cancer,malformation,and a significant reduction in production performance.Physical adsorption to remove feed mycotoxins is a widely used and effective method.This article reviews the hazards of common mycotoxins in contaminated feed,including vomitoxin,zearalenone,ochratoxin,fumamycin B1 and aflatoxin Bl1,introduces the application of widely used ad-sorbents in pig feed mycotoxin removal,compares the advantages and disadvantages of various adsorbent applications,and prospects the prevention and control of mycotoxins and the development and research of adsorbents In order to provide a reference for a comprehensive understanding of the harm of mycotoxins to pig production and the removal of mycotoxins from pig feed by adsorption method.