沙棘黄酮对肉兔生长性能、屠宰性能、血清生化指标、抗氧化能力和免疫功能的影响

Effects of Seabuckthorn Flavonoids on Growth Performance,Slaughtering Performance,Serum Biochemical Indexes,Antioxidant Capacity and Immune Function of Meat Rabbits

本试验旨在研究沙棘黄酮对肉兔生长性能、屠宰性能、血清生化指标、抗氧化能力和免疫功能的影响。选取(35±2)日龄、体重相近、健康状况良好的伊拉肉兔120只,随机分为5组,每组6个重复,每个重复4只兔(公母各占1/2)。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组在基础饲粮中分别添加0.01%、0.02%、0.03%和0.04%的沙棘黄酮。预试期7 d,正试期35 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,0.02%沙棘黄酮组末重、平均日增重和平均日采食量显著提高(P<0.05),料重比显著降低(P<0.05);0.02%、0.03%和0.04%沙棘黄酮组肉兔腹泻率显著降低(P<0.05)。2)与对照组相比,0.02%沙棘黄酮组屠宰率显著提高(P<0.05),0.01%和0.02%沙棘黄酮组半净膛率和全净膛率显著提高(P<0.05)。3)与对照组相比,0.03%沙棘黄酮组血清总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白和葡萄糖含量显著降低(P<0.05),0.02%、0.03%和0.04%沙棘黄酮组血清高密度脂蛋白含量显著提高(P<0.05)。4)与对照组相比,0.02%沙棘黄酮组血清和肝脏超氧化物歧化酶活性、总抗氧化能力显著提高(P<0.05),0.02%、0.03%和0.04%沙棘黄酮组血清和肝脏丙二醛含量显著降低(P<0.05)。5)与对照组相比,0.02%沙棘黄酮组胸腺指数和血清免疫球蛋白A、免疫球蛋白G、免疫球蛋白M、白细胞介素-2、白细胞介素-6含量显著提高(P<0.05),0.03%沙棘黄酮组脾脏指数和血清免疫球蛋白G、免疫球蛋白M、白细胞介素-2、白细胞介素-6含量显著提高(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲粮中添加沙棘黄酮能够提高肉兔生长性能,调控胆固醇的代谢,提高高密度脂蛋白和免疫因子含量,提高抗氧化能力,增强免疫功能。本试验条件下,饲粮中沙棘黄酮适宜添加水平为0.02%。

This experiment was designed to investigate the effects of seabuckthorn flavonoids on growth per⁃formance,slaughtering performance,serum biochemical indexes,antioxidant capacity and immune function of meat rabbits.A total of 120 healthy(35±2)⁃day⁃old meat rabbits with similar body weight were randomly di⁃vided into 5 groups with 6 replicates per group and 4 rabbits per replicate.The rabbits in the control group were fed a basal diet,and the others in experimental groups were fed basal diets supplemented with 0.01%,0.02%,0.03%and 0.04%seabuckthorn flavonoids,respectively.The pre⁃experiment lasted for 7 days and the experi⁃ment lasted for 35 days.The results showed as follows:1)compared with the control group,the final weight,average daily gain and average daily feed intake of 0.02%seabuckthorn flavonoids group were significantly in⁃creased(P<0.05),and the ratio of feed to gain was significantly decreased(P<0.05);the diarrhea rate of 0.02%,0.03%and 0.04%seabuckthorn flavonoids groups was significantly decreased(P<0.05).2)Com⁃pared with the control group,the dressing rate of 0.02%seabuckthorn flavonoids group was significantly in⁃creased(P<0.05),and the half eviscerated rate and all eviscerated rate of 0.01%and 0.02%seabuckthorn fla⁃vonoids groups were significantly increased(P<0.05).3)Compared with the control group,the contents of total cholesterol,low density lipoprotein and glucose in serum of 0.03%seabuckthorn flavonoids group were significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the serum high density lipoprotein content of 0.02%,0.03%and 0.04%seabuckthorn flavonoids groups was significantly increased(P<0.05).4)Compared with the control group,the serum and liver superoxide dismutase activity and total antioxidant capacity of 0.02%seabuckthorn flavonoids group were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the serum and liver malondialdehyde content of 0.02%,0.03%and 0.04%seabuckthorn flavonoids groups was significantly decreased(P<0.05).5)Com⁃pared with the control group,the thymus index and contents of immunoglobulin A,immunoglobulin G,immu⁃noglobulin M,interleukin⁃2 and interleukin⁃6 in serum of 0.02%seabuckthorn flavonoids group were signifi⁃cantly increased(P<0.05),and the spleen index and contents of immunoglobulin G,immunoglobulin M,in⁃terleukin⁃2 and interleukin⁃6 in serum of 0.03%seabuckthorn flavonoids group were significantly increased(P<0.05).In conclusion,dietary seabuckthorn flavonoids can improve the growth performance of meat rab⁃bits,regulate the metabolism of cholesterol,increase the content of high⁃density lipoprotein and immune fac⁃tors,improve the antioxidant capacity,and enhance the immune function.Under the experimental conditions,the dietary appropriate seabuckthorn flavonoids supplemental is 0.02%.