氮肥增效剂对春小麦产量和效益的影响

Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Synergists on the Yield and Economic Benefit of Spring Wheat

为验证氮肥增效剂在春小麦上的施用效果,以春小麦品种永良15号为指示品种,设添加不同用量的氮肥增效剂NBPT、DMPP,常规施肥和不施肥处理(对照)共5个处理,在河西灌区研究了减量施肥条件下添加肥料增效剂对春小麦生长性状、产量及经济效益的影响。结果表明,较传统施肥(N 232.5 kg/hm^(2)、P2O5241.5kg/hm^(2)、K2O 56.3 kg/hm^(2))减N 14.0%、P2O537.9%,添加脲酶抑制剂(NBPT)0.40 kg/hm^(2)、硝化抑制剂(DMPP)2.00kg/hm^(2)时春小麦主要性状表现较好,产量最高,为4693.3 kg/hm^(2),纯收益较传统施肥增加975.59元/hm^(2)。在河西灌区,春小麦在化肥减量并添加氮肥增效剂条件下能够实现节本增效,可在小麦生产中应用。

In order to investigate the effects of synergistic nitrogen fertilizers on spring wheat,with spring wheat variety Yongliang 15 as the experiment material,5 treatments,i.e.,different application rates of nitrogen fertilizer synergists of NBPT and DMPP,conventional fertilization and non fertilization treatment(control),were used to study the effects of fertilizer synergists application on the growth traits,yields and economic benefits of spring wheat under the condition of reduced chemical fertilization in the Hexi irrigation region.The results showed that peak yield,i.e.,4693.3 kg/ha,was obtained in treatment with urease inhibitor(NBPT)application at 0.40 kg/ha plus nitrification inhibitor(DMPP)application at 2.00 kg/ha and nitrogen and P2O5 reduction by 14.0%and 37.9%,respectively compared with the conventional fertilization(N 232.5 kg/ha,P2O5241.5 kg/ha and K2O 56.3 kg/ha),in which the net income was increased by 975.59 RMB/ha compared with that of the conventional fertilization.Therefore,the application of nitrogen fertilizer synergists with less application rate of chemical fertilizers for spring wheat in the Hexi irrigation region could not only save cost but also improve efficiency of production,which could be applied in wheat production.