论海洋命运共同体的话语权建构

The Construction of Discourse Power of the Maritime Community with a Shared Future

习近平总书记提出“海洋命运共同体”重要理念以来,中国积极推进海洋话语权建设。梳理海洋话语权的兴衰变迁为建构新型海洋话语权提供了基本的历史经验。按照“话语”和“权力”的相互关系,传统的基础海洋话语权可划分为三种接续替代的模式,即以宗教权力为基础的海洋话语模式、以主权国家权力为基础的海洋话语模式和以联合国权力为基础的海洋话语模式。在以主权国家权力为基础的海洋话语模式中,美国所倡导的海洋自由话语体系正面临“范式转换”。借助共同体主义话语,海洋命运共同体理念提供了维护海洋和平安全、促进海洋经济繁荣、保护海洋生态环境等符合人类共同海洋利益的价值体系,很大程度上超越了“海洋自由”学说。建构海洋命运共同体的话语权,可以通过共同体经济合作、国际法律文件制定、国内法制完善、海洋政策系统化、国际智库建设和国际媒体传播等六个方面推进。

Since the significant concept of a Maritime Community with a Shared Future was raised by General Secretary Xi Jinping,the Chinese version of maritime discourse has been unfolded to its full strength.The development of traditional maritime discourse power has provided basic lessons for the construction of a new type of maritime discourse power.The traditional maritime discourse power can be categorized into three different paradigms according to the relationship between ‘power’and‘discourse’,and the maritime discourse power advocated by the US is facing paradigm shifts.The concept of a Maritime Community with a Shared Future,within the discourse of communitarianism,provided values such as ocean peace and security,economic development and prosperity and environmental protection and preservation,which is sufficient to transcend the discourse of free navigation.Furthermore,to construct this new type of maritime discourse power,we should enhance the economic cooperation of maritime silk road countries,putting the idea into international conventions,improving the narrative structure of domestic laws,systematizing national marine policies,establishing enough think tanks on maritime affairs and expanding international media platform for the better and stronger image of China.