高级别脑胶质瘤的内科治疗研究现状及进展

Current status and progress of medical treatment of high-grade glioma

高级别脑胶质瘤因其术后复发率高、辅助治疗疗效差,并且能直接影响认知功能等特点,导致预后较差,对患者危害巨大,严重影响患者的生存和生活质量。在该领域中探索新的有效的治疗策略过程中,其异质性高、侵袭性强及血脑屏障限制的特点成了最主要的障碍。当下脑胶质瘤的主要治疗方式仍然是先通过手术尽可能彻底地切除胶质瘤病灶,术后辅以内科治疗或者联合放射治疗。然而,在手术及放疗等局部治疗后仍高概率复发的大背景下,内科治疗显得尤为重要。近年来,随着分子病理学、分子生物学、分子材料工程学、基因测序技术及肿瘤免疫学等多学科共同发展,一系列新的、前景广阔、极具潜力的内科诊疗技术涌现出来。对目前高级别脑胶质瘤的治疗现状、进展及未来展望进行归纳、总结和分析将对实施更深层次的研究有着深远的意义。

High-grade glioma is characterized by high postoperative recurrence rate,poor efficacy of adjuvant therapy,and direct influence on cognitive function,which eventually leads to a poor prognosis,great harm to patients,and seriously affects the survival and quality of life of patients.In the process of exploring new effective therapeutic strategies in this field,the characteristics of high heterogeneity,high invasiveness and blood-brain barrier limitation have become the main obstacles.At present,the main treatment of glioma is still to remove the glioma lesion as thoroughly as possible through surgery,followed by postoperative medical treatment or combined radiotherapy.However,in the context of high recurrence rate after local treatment such as surgery and radiotherapy,medical treatment is particularly important.In recent years,with the development of molecular pathology,molecular biology,molecular materials engineering,gene sequencing technology and tumor immunology,a series of new and promising techniques for the diagnosis and treatment of brain glioma are emerging.Therefore,it is of profound significance to summarize and analyze the current treatment status,progress and future prospects for further research.