浙江海宁长水塘省级湿地公园植物区系初步研究

Flora in Haining Changshuitang Provincial Wetland Park of Zhejiang

2019年8~10月,采用线路调查和重点普查相结合的方法对浙江海宁长水塘省级湿地公园维管植物进行实地调查,分析了该湿地公园植物的物种组成和区系特征。结果表明,长水塘湿地公园维管植物共83科186属232种,其中,蕨类植物3科3属3种,裸子植物6科8属9种,被子植物74科175属220种。维管植物生活型以草本占绝对优势。珍稀濒危植物6科6属6种,外来入侵植物12科20属23种,主要集中在菊科、苋科和豆科植物。该湿地公园内的野生种子植物分布区系类型多样,在科的层次上有6类型和3变型,以热带分布型为主;在属的层次上有13类型和6变型,表现出由热带属性向温带属性过渡的特性。与邻近湿地植物区系进行比较分析显示,长水塘湿地公园植物区系与地理位置较近的西溪湿地公园关系最为接近,与地理位置较远的云和梯田湿地公园关系最远。

the investigation on vascular plants was carried out in Haining Changshuitang Provincial Wetland Park,Zhejiang by means of transect lines and key census,and analyzed the species composition and floristic characteristics of plants in the park from August to October 2019.The results showed that 232 species of vascular plants belonging to 83 families and 186 genera were found in Haining Changshuitang Provincial Wetland Park of Zhejiang.Among them,there exist ferns plants of 3 families,3 genera and 3 species,gymnosperms plants of 6 families,8 genera and 9 species,angiosperms plants of 74 families and 175 genera and 220 species.Among all the vascular plants in the wetland park,herbs were dominant.In the wetland park,there were 6 families,6 genera and 6 species of key protected,rare and endangered plants,and 23 species of alien invasive plants belonging to 20 genera and 12 families.And alien invasive plants were mainly concentrated in Compositae,Amaranthaceae and Leguminosae plants.The flora distribution types of wild seed plants were diverse in the wetland park.At the family level,the flora distributions of wild seed plant family consisted of 6 distribution types and 3 variants,among them,tropical distribution types were dominant.At the genus level,the flora distributions of wild seed plant genus consisted of 13 distribution types and 6 variants,showing the characteristics of transition from tropical flora to temperate flora.According to the comparison of floristic compositions among Changshuitang Wetland Park and its 4 neighboring wetlands,the flora of plants in Changshuitang Wetland Park was the most similar to Xixi Wetland Park,which was close in geographical location,and the flora of plants in Changshuitang Wetland Park had the furthest relationship with Yunhe Terrace Wetland Park,which was located far away.