PEG处理下引进春小麦品种苗期抗旱性评价

Evaluation of drought resistance of introduced spring wheat under PEG treatment

【目的】研究引进春小麦苗期抗旱形态变化,分析不同品种抗旱性,筛选出抗旱性较强的小麦品种,为小麦苗期抗旱鉴定指标的筛选及抗旱品种的选育提供参考。【方法】以83份国外引进小麦品种为材料,使用PEG-6000进行苗期抗旱试验,研究小麦苗期根系形态变化。【结果】干旱胁迫条件下,小麦各根部性状与对照相比差异显著,除根平均直径外,根总长、最长根长等7个根部性状均呈现下降趋势;根平均直径与总根长、最长根长、根尖数和根干重呈极显著负相关,其余性状两两之间均呈极显著正相关,根表面积抗旱系数与总根长抗旱系数和根体积抗旱系数相关系数最高,分别达到0.752和0.855;将小麦8个根部性状分为根部伸长因子和根部扩展因子;聚类分析将83份引进春小麦品种分为抗旱(5份)、中等抗旱(37份)、干旱敏感(33份)、干旱高度敏感(8份)4个类别;濑户小麦(0.69)、Sea Wari 48(0.63)、Cnt 1(0.77)的D值较大,为抗旱性小麦。【结论】引进春小麦材料分为抗旱型、中等抗旱型、干旱敏感型和干旱高度敏感型等四类;抗旱性较好的品种为Sea Wari 48、Cnt 1和濑户小麦。

【Objective】To understand the morphological changes of drought resistance of spring wheat introduced from abroad at seedling stage,clarify the drought resistance of different varieties,and screen out the wheat varieties with strong drought resistance in the hope of providing references for the selection of drought-resistant identification indicators in the seedling stage and the breeding of drought-resistant varieties.【Methods】In this study,83 foreign introduced varieties were used as materials,and PEG-6000 was applied to conduct drought resistance test at seedling stage to study the morphological changes of wheat roots in this stage.【Results】Under drought stress conditions,the root traits of wheat were significantly different from those of the control.Except for the average root diameter,7 root traits,including total root length and longest root length,showed a downward trend;the correlation analysis results showed that the average root diameter was the total root length,the longest root length,the number of root tips and the root dry weight showed a very significant negative correlation,and the other traits showed a very significant positive correlation.The root surface area drought resistance coefficient was related to the total root length drought resistance coefficient and the root volume drought resistance coefficient.The correlation coefficient was the highest,reaching 0.752 and 0.855,respectively;the principal component analysis divided the 8 root traits of wheat into root elongation factors and root extension factors;according to cluster analysis,83 introduced spring wheat varieties were divided into 4 categories:drought resistance(5),moderate drought resistance(37),drought sensitivity(33)and drought highly sensitivity(8);the drought resistance of wheat varieties was evaluated comprehensively by membership function method,and the D values of Seto wheat,SeaWari48 and Cnt1 were higher.【Conclusion】The spring wheat seedling drought resistance evaluation test divided the materials into four types:drought-resistant,medium-drought-resistant,drought-sensitive and drought-highly-sensitive.According to the results of comprehensive cluster analysis and comprehensive evaluation,the varieties with better drought resistance are Sea Wari 48,Cnt 1,and Seto wheat.