新文化运动非儒批孔的思想资源——诸子学的兴起与孔子形象重构

The Intellectual Resources of Non-Confucian in the New Culture Movement

中国传统文化是一个多元一体的共生系统,先秦诸子和曾经定于一尊的儒家经典一样,成为中国文化和合共生的创新资源,中国传统文化内部蕴含着自我更生与创造性自我转化的可能。晚清诸子学的兴起,开启了新文化运动非儒批孔的先河,新文化运动健将发掘诸子的现代精神,挖掘被压抑的诸子思想资源批判儒家文化及孔子思想,建构了儒教“吃人”“专制”“复辟”的形象,重构了与传统完全不同的孔子形象,可谓利用传统反传统。就此而论,五四时期并非全盘反传统主义,实质上是有选择地反叛。

Chinese traditional culture is a pluralistic and integrated symbiotic system.Like the Confucian classics,the pre-Qin scholars have become the innovative resources for the coexistence of Chinese culture and harmony.Chinese traditional culture contains the possibility of self-renewal and self-creation.With the rise of the study of ancient scholars in the late Qing Dynasty,the new culture movement started,which aimed to dispel Confucianism and criticize Confucius.The masters of the new Culture Movement explored the modern spirit of ancient scholars,excavated the repressed intellectual resources of ancient scholars,criticized Confucian culture and Confucius thought,deconstructed the sacred image of Confucius as"uncrowned king"and"hierarch",and constructed Confucian eating human beings and the image of Confucius as"the autocracy"and"the restoration".It's a case of tradition defeating tradition.As far as this is concerned,the May Fourth Period is not an overall anti-traditionalism,but a selective rebellion in essence.