国外医疗风险防控管理机制与策略分析及启示

Analysis and Enlightenment of Foreign Medical Malpractices Prevention and Management Mechanism and Strategy

目的梳理国外医疗风险防控管理机制与策略,提出相关建议。方法文献分析法。分析框架主要包括:风险防控管理体制机制、风险防控信息化平台与管理要素、风险防控管理内容与方法变化趋势。结果国外风险防控管理体制机制主要包括防控制度、组织建立和保险制度;风险防控信息化平台从国家、行业、医院三个层面搭建,管理要素重点关注微观主体(医方或院方)管理理念与策略;风险防控管理呈现从医院或科室层面向病种层面,再向学科整合层面的发展趋势。结论建议建立适合我国国情的风险防控体系,开发基于医疗大数据的风险防控信息决策体系,以医疗机构为风险防控重点领域,因地制宜地借鉴国内外医疗风险防控成果,不断提升我国医疗风险防控水平。

Objective To sort out the foreign medical risk prevention and control management mechanism and strategy,and put forward relevant suggestions.Methods Literature analysis.The analysis framework mainly included three aspects:malpractices prevention and control management mechanism,malpractices prevention and control information platform and management elements,and the change trend of management content and methods.Results Foreign risk prevention and control management systems and mechanisms mainly included prevention and control system,organization establishment and insurance system.The malpractices prevention and control information platform was built from the national,industrial and hospital levels,and the management elements focused on the micro-subject(medical or hospital)management philosophy and strategy;malpractices prevention and control management presented a development trend from the hospital or department level to the disease level,and then to the discipline integration level.Conclusion It was suggested to establish a malpractices prevention and control system suitable for China's national conditions,develop a risk prevention and control information decision-making system based on medical big data,take medical institutions as the key areas of risk prevention and control,learn from domestic and foreign medical risk prevention and control achievements according to local conditions,and constantly improve the level of medical risk prevention and control in China.