伦敦公共交通可达性水平技术应用解析与国内实践探索

Application of London Public Transport Accessibility Levels(PTALs)Technology and Its Exploration in China

随着我国城镇化进程进入“下半场”,精准投放公共交通资源以匹配城市用地空间增长将成为实现高质量发展的一条重要路径。伦敦长期以来将公共交通可达性水平(PTALs)技术贯穿于城市空间与交通发展中,系统建立了涵盖城市空间和交通规划及监测、民众查询等功能的应用体系,搭建了交通与土地利用协调发展的桥梁,共同支撑城市健康发展。本文首先总结了伦敦PTALs技术的发展经验;其次,基于伦敦经验分析了我国城市引入该技术的必要性和适应性,提出构建面向市民查询和辅助政府决策的PTALs技术应用框架体系;最后,文章以杭州为例,从支持规划编制、实施评估、运行监测等层面探索了PTALs技术在六大场景的应用,涉及交通、用地、人口等领域。PTALs技术可测度公共交通服务的供给水平,能够成为公共交通与城市用地发展协调性的量化评估工具,未来在我国的国土空间规划编制与评估、城市体检以及“一张图”建设等工作中具有较好的应用前景。

The accurate investment of public transport resources to match the urban land and space growth will be an important path to achieve high-quality development in the second half of Chinese urbanization.For a long time,London has incorporated public transport accessibility levels(PTALs)technology into urban space and transportation development,and has systematically established an application system covering functions such as urban space or transportation planning and monitoring,and public inquiry.It builds a bridge for the coordinated development of transportation and land use,so that the two can jointly support the healthy development of the city.This paper firstly summarizes the PTALs development experience in London;then it analyzes the necessity and adaptability of PTALs technology in Chinese cities,and builds an application framework system for citizens’inquiries and assisting government decision-making;finally,taking Hangzhou as an example,six scenarios are explored from supporting planning preparation,implementation evaluation,and operation monitoring,involving transport,land use,population and other fields.We believe that PTALs technology can measure the supply level of public transport services,and can also become a quantitative assessment tool for the coordination of public transport and urban land development.It has good application prospects in the preparation and evaluation of territorial spatial planning and“urban physical examination”.