慢性病患者成功老龄化与生活满意度的关系:睡眠的中介作用和焦虑的调节作用

The relationship between successful ageing and life satisfaction in patients with chronic diseases:the mediating role of sleep and the moderating role of anxiety

目的探讨慢性病患者成功老龄化与生活满意度的关系,着重考察睡眠的中介作用和焦虑的调节作用。方法采用成功老龄化量表、睡眠量表、焦虑量表和生活满意度量表调查370名慢性病患者。结果①慢性病患者生活满意度总分为(32.39±8.10);文化程度、经济状况和体力活动的生活满意度差异有统计学意义(t=3.423,P<0.05;t=7.475,P<0.01;t=4.645,P<0.01),初中及以下文化程度、入不敷出及从不运动的慢性病患者得分较低,生活满意度较差;②成功老龄化正向预测生活满意度(β=0.283,P<0.001),负向预测睡眠(β=-0.058,P<0.01);睡眠在成功老龄化和生活满意度间起部分中介作用,间接效应值为0.019(效应比为6.30%);③成功老龄化通过睡眠影响生活满意度的后半段路径受焦虑的调节(β=-0.086,P<0.001)。结论成功老龄化可直接正向预测生活满意度,也通过睡眠间接预测生活满意度;焦虑对睡眠影响生活满意度后半段中介路径有调节作用;应结合焦虑,通过提高成功老龄化水平来改善慢性病患者的生活满意度。

Objective To explore the relationship between successful aging and life satisfaction among patients with chronic diseases,with a particular focus on the mediating role of sleep quality and the moderating role of anxiety.Methods A survey was conducted with 370 chronic disease patients using the Successful Aging Scale,Sleep Quality Scale,Anxiety Scale,and Life Satisfaction.Results①The overall mean score for life satisfaction among chronic disease patients was(32.39±8.10).There were statistically significant differences in life satisfaction based on education level,economic status,and physical activity(t=3.423,P<0.05;t=7.475,P<0.01;t=4.645,P<0.01).Patients with lower education levels(junior high school or below),financial difficulties,and lack of physical exercise obtained lower scores and reported lower life satisfaction.②Successful aging positively predicted life satisfaction(β=0.283,P<0.001)and negatively predicted sleep quality(β=-0.058,P<0.01).Sleep quality played a partial mediating role between successful aging and life satisfaction,with an indirect effect value of 0.019(effect ratio of 6.30%).③Anxiety moderated the effect of sleep quality on life satisfaction in the latter part of the mediation pathway from successful aging(β=-0.086,P<0.001).Conclusion Successful aging can directly predict life satisfaction and indirectly predict life satisfaction through sleep quality.Anxiety has a moderating effect on the second half of the mediation pathway between sleep and life satisfaction.To improve the life satisfaction of patients with chronic diseases,it is important to enhance successful aging while addressing anxiety.