全血献血人群和单采献血人群延迟献血因素的对比分析研究

Comparative Analysis of Causes of Deferred Blood Donation between Whole Blood and Aphaeresis Donors

目的对2019—2021年我国部分采供血机构全血献血人群和单采献血人群延迟献血因素进行对比分析研究。方法采用回顾性分析方法,收集2019—2021年我国部分采供血机构延迟献血相关数据。采供血机构根据省级(血液中心)和地市级(中心血站)不同分为甲乙2组,献血人群分为全血献血人群、单采献血人群,主要研究饮酒、服用药物、月经生理期、既往病史、体重不达标、体温异常、脉搏异常、血压异常、乳糜血、血红蛋白(Hb)异常、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)升高、乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)阳性、丙型肝炎抗体(抗-HCV)阳性、梅毒血清特异性抗体(抗-TP)阳性、艾滋病毒抗体(抗-HIV)阳性、其他等16个延迟献血原因。根据分组、献血人群和延迟献血原因排序不同,分别收集延迟献血率和延迟献血原因排在第1、第2、第3位的相关数据进行比较分析。结果全血献血人群延迟献血率(中位数8.57%)低于单采献血人群延迟献血率(中位数10.79%);甲组不同年度不同献血人群的延迟献血率中位数均高于乙组,两者存在显著差异。所报告的排在前3位的延迟献血原因数据中,全血献血人群涉及11个,较单采献血人群多了饮酒、服用药物、脉搏异常3个原因;ALT升高、乳糜血、Hb异常3个原因在全血献血人群累计被报告194(74.33%)次,在单采献血人群累计被报告187(71.65%)次,是最主要的延迟献血原因。结论我国部分采供血机构全血献血人群和单采献血人群延迟献血因素方面存在差异。

Objective The factors of deferred blood donation between whole blood donors and aphaeresis donors in some blood collection and supply institutions from 2019 to 2021 were compared and analyzed.Methods A retrospective analysis method was used to collect data related to deferred donors in some blood collection and supply institutions from 2019 to 2021,which were divided into A and B groups according to provincial(blood centers)and prefecture-level(central blood stations).Blood donors were divided into whole blood donors and aphaeresis donors.The main studies were alcohol consumption,drug use,menstrual period,past medical history,underweight,abnormal body temperature,abnormal pulse,abnormal blood pressure,chylous blood,abnormal hemoglobin(Hb),elevated alanine aminotransferase(ALT),hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)positive,hepatitis C antibody(anti-HCV)positive,syphilis serum specific antibody(anti-TP)positive,HIV antibody(anti-HIV)positive,and other 16 reasons for deferred blood donation.According to different groups,blood donors and the ranking of deferred blood donation reasons,relevant data of deferred blood donation rate and deferred blood donation reasons ranked first,second and third were collected respectively for comparative analysis.Results The deferred blood donation rate of whole blood donors(median 8.57%)was lower than that of aphaeresis donors(median 10.79%).The median deferred blood donation rate of different blood donors in different years in group A was higher than that in group B,and there were significant differences between them.Among the top 3 reasons for deferred blood donation reported,whole blood donors involved 11 reasons,more than the aphaeresis donors drinking alcohol,taking drugs,abnormal pulse 3 reasons;ALT elevation,chylous blood and Hb abnormality have been reported for a total of 194(74.33%)times in whole blood donors and 187(71.65%)times in aphaeresis donors,which are the most important reasons for deferred blood donation.Conclusion There are differences in deferred blood donation factors between whole blood donors and aphaeresis donors in some blood collection and supply institutions.