马克思劳动论视域下的人与自然关系及现实启示

The Relationship Between Human and Nature from the Perspective of Marx's Labor Theory and Its Practical Enlightenment

人的实践,特别是生产劳动实践,是勾连人与自然关系的中介。基于马克思的劳动论,以人与自然关系的历史性演变为研究起点,探讨实现人与自然和谐共生的有效路径。马克思有关人与自然关系的论述,阐释了人与自然关系经历了慑服、征服与共生三个阶段的历史性演变。这一关系的演变,与劳动的中介性作用直接相关。正是劳动形态从最初的自然力劳动,到工具性劳动,再到绿色劳动的转换,推动人与自然关系的历史性演变。现实地看,资本主义制度下的生产方式破坏了人与自然的和谐共生,因而很难实践绿色劳动。只有变革资本主义生产方式,消除异化劳动,才能有效地推动绿色劳动,实现人与自然和谐共生。中国特色社会主义为努力推进人与自然和谐共生现代化贡献了中国智慧与中国方案。

Human practice,especially production and labor practice,is the intermediary connection of the relationship between man and nature.Based on Marx's theory of labor,this paper takes the historical evolution of the relationship between man and nature as the research starting point,and explores the effective path to realize the harmonious coexistence between man and nature.Marx's treatise on the relationship between man and nature explains that the relationship between man and nature has undergone three historical evolution stages:deterrence,conquest and symbiosis.The evolution of this relationship is directly related to the intermediary role of labor.It is the transformation of labor form from natural force labor to instrumental labor and then to green labor that drives the historic evolution of the relationship between man and nature.Realistically,the mode of production under the capitalist system is difficult to practice green labor,which destroys the harmonious coexistence between man and nature.Only by reforming the capitalist mode of production and eliminating alienated labor can we effectively promote green labor and realize harmonious coexistence between man and nature.Socialism with Chinese characteristics contributes Chinese wisdom and Chinese solutions to the modernization of harmonious coexistence between man and nature.