基于藏族格言的方位词统计分析研究

Statistical Analysis and Research on Location Words Based on Tibetan Aphorisms

以藏族格言作为输入语料,用藏文CRF自动分词系统将文本自动分词后,利用语料分析软件,统计和分析文本中的方位词词性和词频.在词汇语境共现中筛选方位词单独作语法成分的具体实例,进一步分析方位词的语义特点、句法功能及搭配情况.通过分析发现,方位词在句法中,其语义包括定性和泛性两种,承担了普通名词(nn)、不及物动词(vi)、及物动词(vt)、时间名词(nt)等语法成分,在作名词时主要强调地点义,而方向义并不明显.在句法功能中,可作主语、宾语、地点状语等.从搭配情况来看,它与位格、属格和从格助词搭配构成方位短语表示处所和范围,与动词搭配表示一定的趋向性,也作修饰动词的地点状语.

20 Tibetan aphorisms are used as the input corpus and Tibetan CRF automatic word segmentation system is utilized for automatically segment the text.Part of speech and word frequency of location words are counted and analyzed.In the co-occurrence of lexical context,we screen out the specific instances of location words as grammatical components alone,and further analyze the semantic characteristics,syntactic functions and collocations of location words.Through analysis,it is found that the semantics of locative words in syntax include qualitative and general.Positional nouns bear grammatical components such as common nouns(nn),intransitive verbs(vi),transitive verbs(vt),and time nouns(nt).However,when it is used as a noun,it mainly emphasizes the meaning of place,and the meaning of direction is not obvious.In the syntactic function,it can be used as subject,object,adverbial of place,etc.From the point of view of collocation,it is collocated with person,genitive and subordinate auxiliary words to form a positional phrase to express the location and scope,and when collocated with a verb,it expresses a certain tendency,and it is also used as an adverbial adverb of place to modify the verb.