葡萄属植物遗传转化影响因素研究进展

Research Progress on Influencing Factors of Genetic Transformation of Grape Plants

葡萄作为世界上重要的经济类果树作物之一,在酿酒、鲜食、制干、制汁、制罐、砧木等方面的应用十分广泛,为人类创造了明显的社会效益、经济效益和生态效益。自美国学者1990年在沙地葡萄(Vitis rupestris)中首次成功获得遗传转化植株,葡萄属植物遗传转化发展迅猛。多年研究证实利用分子育种建立完整、高效的葡萄遗传转化体系对葡萄基因改良有着至关重要的作用。阐述了葡萄属植物遗传转化的4个阶段,并对遗传转化的影响因素进行具体分析,针对这些影响因素进行资料收集和对比研究,总结葡萄遗传转化体系研究现状并提出展望,以期对葡萄基因改良研究提供参考。

Grape is one of the most important fruit in the world,which is widely used in wine making,fresh food,drying,juice making,pot making and stock making,and has created considerable social,economic and ecological benefits for human beings.Since American scholars first obtained genetically modified plants in Vitis rupestris in 1990,the genetic transformation of grape plants has developed rapidly.Years of research have confirmed that the use of molecular breeding to establish a complete and efficient grape genetic transformation system plays a vital role in grape genetic improvement.In this paper,the four stages of genetic transformation of grape plants are elaborated,and the influencing factors of genetic transformation are analyzed in detail.Data collection and comparative study of these influencing factors are carried out,and the research status of grape genetic transformation system is summarized and prospects are proposed in order to provide reference for grape genetic improvement research.