我国健康青年成人发音鼻流量影响因素的研究

An Experimental Study for Effect Factors of Chinese Healthy Adult’s Nasalance Scores

目的研究地域、性别、声母类型对我国健康成人发音鼻流量的影响。方法测试北京(男51例、女49例)、上海(男49例、女58例)、广州(男50例、女50例)、重庆(男52例、女60例)共419例健康成人(年龄18~23岁)分别发鼻音/mā/、/nā/、塞音/bā/、/pā/、/dā/、/tā/、/gā/、/kā/、塞擦音/zā/、/zhā/、/cā/、/chā/、擦音/fā/、/sā/、/shā/、/hā/时的平均鼻流量值(mean nasalaue score,MNS);根据发音方式的不同,通过四个三因素混合实验设计进行方差分析,探讨地域、性别、声母类型对MNS的影响。结果我国成人发鼻音、塞音、塞擦音、擦音时的MNS在地域、性别、声母类型主效应上均存在极显著差异(P<0.001);发鼻音、擦音时的MNS在地域×声母类型二阶交互效应上存在极显著差异(P<0.001),在塞音上存在极显著差异(P<0.01),在塞擦音上存在极显著差异(P<0.001),其余二、三阶交互效应均不显著(P>0.05)。结论地域、性别、声母类型会影响我国健康成人发音鼻流量值,制定MNS参考标准及编制测试语料时,应考虑这些影响因素。

Objective To investigate the effects of region,gender and initial consonant types on nasal resonance in healthy Chinese adults.Methods We measured the mean nasalance scores(MNS)of 419 college students(18~23 years old)in Beijing(male 51,female 49),Shanghai(male 49,female 58),Guangzhou(male 50,female 50)and Chongqing(male 52,female 60),which materials were nasal/mā/,/nā/,plosives/bā/,/pā/,/dā/,/tā/,/gā/,/kā/,affricatire/zā/,/zhā/,/cā/,/chā/,fricative/fā/,/sā/,/shā/,/hā/.According to different articulation manners,four three-factor mixed experimental designs.They were used for analysis of variance to explore the effects of region,gender and initial consonant type on MNS.Results There were significant differences in the main effects of region,gender and initial consonant type of MNS in the healthy adults(P<0.001).MNS with nasal and fricative sounds were significant different in regional×initial consonant types(P<0.001),while there were significant differences in plosives(P<0.01),and differences in affricatire(P<0.001).Other second and third-order interaction effects were not significant(P>0.05).Conclusion Region,gender and initial consonant type will affect nasal resonance in healthy chinese adults.These factors should be considered when formulating MNS standards.